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  1. Metaphors we live by.George Lakoff & Mark Johnson - 1980 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Mark Johnson.
    The now-classic Metaphors We Live By changed our understanding of metaphor and its role in language and the mind. Metaphor, the authors explain, is a fundamental mechanism of mind, one that allows us to use what we know about our physical and social experience to provide understanding of countless other subjects. Because such metaphors structure our most basic understandings of our experience, they are "metaphors we live by"--metaphors that can shape our perceptions and actions without our ever noticing them. In (...)
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  • Women, Fire and Dangerous Thing: What Catergories Reveal About the Mind.George Lakoff (ed.) - 1987 - University of Chicago Press.
    "Its publication should be a major event for cognitive linguistics and should pose a major challenge for cognitive science. In addition, it should have repercussions in a variety of disciplines, ranging from anthropology and psychology to epistemology and the philosophy of science.... Lakoff asks: What do categories of language and thought reveal about the human mind? Offering both general theory and minute details, Lakoff shows that categories reveal a great deal."—David E. Leary, American Scientist.
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  • Metaphors We Live By.George Lakoff & Mark Johnson - 1980 - Ethics 93 (3):619-621.
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  • Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal about the Mind.George Lakoff - 1987 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 22 (4):299-302.
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  • The Foundations Of Empirical Knowledge.Alfred Jules Ayer - 1940 - London, England: Macmillan.
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  • (1 other version)Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous.George Berkeley - 1713 - New York: G. James. Edited by Jonathan Dancy.
    <Hylas> It is indeed something unusual; but my thoughts were so taken up with a subject I was discoursing of last night, that finding I could not sleep, ...
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  • Ludwig Wittgenstein: A Memoir.Norman Malcolm - 1958 - Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. Edited by G. H. von Wright & Ludwig Wittgenstein.
    Wittgenstein was one of the most powerful influences on contemporary philosophy, yet he shunned publicity and was essentially a private man. This remarkable, vivid, personal memoir is written by one of his friends, the eminent philosopher Norman Malcolm. Reissued in paperback, this edition includes the complete text of fifty-seven letters which Wittgenstein wrote to Malcolm over a period of eleven years. Also included is a concise biographical sketch by another of Wittgenstein's philosopher friends, Georg Henrik von Wright. 'A reader does (...)
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  • The New Wittgenstein.Alice Crary & Rupert J. Read (eds.) - 2000 - New York: Routledge.
    This text offers major re-evaluation of Wittgenstein's thinking. It is a collection of essays that presents a significantly different portrait of Wittgenstein. The essays clarify Wittgenstein's modes of philosophical criticism and shed light on the relation between his thought and different philosophical traditions and areas of human concern. With essays by Stanley Cavell, James Conant, Cora Diamond, Peter Winch and Hilary Putnam, we see the emergence of a new way of understanding Wittgenstein's thought. This is a controversial collection, with essays (...)
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  • Semantic theory and tacit knowledge.Gareth Evans - 2010 - In Darragh Byrne & Max Kölbel, Arguing about language. New York: Routledge.
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  • Explanation in Computational Psychology: Language, Perception and Level 1.5.Christopher Peacocke - 1986 - Mind and Language 1 (2):101-123.
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  • (1 other version)Wittgenstein.Robert J. Fogelin - 1987 - New York: Routledge.
    This book is available either individually, or as part of the specially-priced Arguments of the Philosphers Collection.
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  • Tacit knowledge and semantic theory: Can a five percent difference matter?Martin Davies - 1987 - Mind 96 (October):441-62.
    In his paper ‘Scmantic Theory and Tacit Knowlcdgc’, Gareth Evans uscs a familiar kind of cxamplc in ordcr to render vivid his account of tacit knowledge. We arc to consider a finite language, with just one hundrcd scntcnccs. Each scntcncc is made up of a subjcct (a name) and a prcdicatc. The names are ‘a’, ‘b’, . . ., T. The prcdicatcs arc ‘F’, ‘G’, . . ., ‘O’. Thc scntcnccs have meanings which dcpcnd in a systematic way upon their (...)
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  • Symposium: Other Minds.J. Wisdom, J. L. Austen, J. L. Austin & A. J. Ayer - 1946 - Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 20 (1):122 - 197.
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  • The philosophy of Wittgenstein.George Pitcher - 1964 - Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,: Prentice-Hall.
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  • Big Typescript: Ts 213.Ludwig Wittgenstein (ed.) - 2005 - Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    Long awaited by the scholarly community, Wittgenstein's so-called Big Typescript is presented here in an en face English-German scholar's edition. Presents scholar's edition of important material from 1933, Wittgenstein's first efforts to set out his new thoughts after the publication of the Tractatus Logico Philosophicus Includes indications to help the reader identify Wittgenstein's numerous corrections, additions, deletions, alternative words and phrasings, suggestions for moves within the text, and marginal comments.
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  • Philosophische Untersuchungen: kritisch-genetische Edition.Ludwig Wittgenstein - 2001
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  • (2 other versions)Wittgenstein.R. Fogelin - 1982 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 44 (3):561-562.
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  • (2 other versions)The New Wittgenstein.Alice Crary & Rupert Read - 2003 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 193 (4):481-482.
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  • A companion to Wittgenstein's "Philosophical investigations".Garth L. Hallett - 1977 - Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
    "One of the most impressive pieces of scholarship I have ever encountered."-W. E. Kennick, Amherst College There is nothing in the literature on the Philosophical Investigations comparable to this learned and exhaustive commentary. Offering both information and interpretation, it is a remarkable book that fills a recognized need for a close study of one of the world's major works of philosophy. After a general introduction, Father Hallett divides the text of the Investigations into forty-one units, and then provides an introduction (...)
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  • (2 other versions)The New Wittgenstein.Alice Crary & Rupert Read - 2003 - Philosophy 78 (305):425-430.
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  • (3 other versions)Other minds (VIII.).John O. Wisdom - 1943 - Mind 52 (208):289-313.
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  • Reply: Semantic theory and tacit knowledge.Gareth Evans - 1981 - In Steven H. Holtzman & Christopher M. Leich, Wittgenstein: To Follow a Rule. Boston: Routledge.
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  • Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy: Outline of a Philosophical Revolution.Eugen Fischer - 2005 - New York: Routledge.
    _Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy_ provides new foundations and methods for the revolutionary project of philosophical therapy pioneered by Ludwig Wittgenstein. The book vindicates this currently much-discussed project by reconstructing the genesis of important philosophical problems: With the help of concepts adapted from cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology, the book analyses how philosophical reflection is shaped by pictures and metaphors we are not aware of employing and are prone to misapply. Through innovative case-studies on the genesis of classical problems about (...)
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  • Wittgenstein, meaning and understanding: essays on the Philosophical investigations.Gordon P. Baker - 1980 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by P. M. S. Hacker & Gordon P. Baker.
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  • Wittgenstein: The Way Out of the Fly-Bottle.Severin Schroeder - 2006 - Cambridge: Polity.
    This book offers a lucid and highly readable account of Wittgenstein's philosophy, framed against the background of his extraordinary life and character. Woven together with a biographical narrative, the chapters explain the key ideas of Wittgenstein's work, from his first book, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, to his mature masterpiece, the Philosophical Investigations.
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  • The Philosophy of Wittgenstein.George Pitcher - 1964 - Philosophy 41 (155):86-87.
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  • (1 other version)Wittgenstein.Severin Schroeder - 2010 - In Timothy O'Connor & Constantine Sandis, A Companion to the Philosophy of Action. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 554–561.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Voluntary Action Reasons and Causes References.
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  • Philosophy as Therapy: An Interpretation and Defense of Wittgenstein's Later Philosophical Project.James F. Peterman - 1992 - State University of New York Press.
    Argues that Wittgenstein's early ethical notion of agreement with the world pivoted to become his later therapeutic notion of agreement with living forms, which satisfies the conditions necessary for a full therapeutic philosophy.
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  • Wittgenstein at Work: Method in the Philosophical Investigations.Erich Ammereller & Eugen Fisher (eds.) - 2004 - New York: Routledge.
    The later Wittgenstein is notoriously hard to understand. His novel philosophical approach is the key to understanding his perplexing work. This volume assembles leading Wittgenstein scholars to come to grips with its least well understood aspect: the unfamiliar aims and method that shape Wittgenstein's approach. Wittgenstein at Work investigates Wittgenstein's aims, rationale and method in two steps. The first seven chapters analyse how he proceeds in core parts of the Philosophical Investigations: the discussion of the Augustinian picture of language, ostensive (...)
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  • The end(s) of philosophy: Rhetoric, therapy and Wittgenstein's pyrrhonism.Bob Plant - 2004 - Philosophical Investigations 27 (3):222–257.
    In Culture and Value Wittgenstein remarks: ‘Thoughts that are at peace. That's what someone who philosophizes yearns for’. The desire for such conceptual tranquillity is a recurrent theme in Wittgenstein's work, and especially in his later ‘grammatical-therapeutic’ philosophy. Some commentators (notably Rush Rhees and C. G. Luckhardt) have cautioned that emphasising this facet of Wittgenstein's work ‘trivialises’ philosophy – something which is at odds with Wittgenstein's own philosophical ‘seriousness’ (in particular his insistence that philosophy demands that one ‘Go the bloody (...)
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  • (1 other version)A Companion to Wittgenstein's „Philosophical Investigations”.Garth Hallett - 1980 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 42 (1):162-163.
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  • How Can the Theory of Meaning be a Philosophical Project?Crispin Wright - 1986 - Mind and Language 1 (1):31-44.
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  • V.—Philosophical Perplexity.John Wisdom - 1937 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 37 (1):71-88.
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  • An appraisal of therapeutic positivism (II.).B. A. Farrell - 1946 - Mind 55 (218):133-150.
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  • Philosophical pictures.Eugen Fischer - 2006 - Synthese 148 (2):469 - 501.
    The paper develops a novel account of the nature and genesis of some philosophical problems, which motivates an unfamiliar form of philosophical criticism that was pioneered by the later Wittgenstein. To develop the account, the paper analyses two thematically linked sets of problems, namely problems about linguistic understanding: a set of problems Wittgenstein discusses in a core part of his Philosophical Investigations, and the ‘problem of linguistic creativity’ that is central to current philosophy of language. The paper argues that these (...)
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  • Philosophy states only what everyone admits'.Anthony Kenny - 2004 - In Erich Ammereller & Eugen Fisher, Wittgenstein at Work: Method in the Philosophical Investigations. New York: Routledge.
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  • (3 other versions)Other Minds.John Wisdom - 1954 - Philosophy 29 (111):365-370.
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  • Therapie statt Theorie. Das Big Typescript als Schluessel zu Wittgensteins spaeter Philosophieauffassung.Eugen Fischer - 2006 - In Stefan Majetschak, Wittgensteins "Grosse Maschinenschrift". Lang. pp. 31-59.
    The paper clarifies therapeutic ideas about philosophical method which Wittgenstein puts forward in his "Big Typescript". It does so by analysing how Wittgenstein treats the question 'What is meaning?', in that part of the same work from which the opening sections of his "Philosophical Investigations" derive. On this basis, the paper explains why Wittgenstein set himself a therapeutic goal, why this is reasonable, and how he sought to attain that goal without 'pronouncing new truths about the subject of the investigation', (...)
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  • An appraisal of therapeutic positivism. (I.).B. A. Farrell - 1946 - Mind 55 (217):25-48.
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  • Five Forms of Philosophical Therapy.J. Jeremy Wisnewski - 2003 - Philosophy Today 47 (1):53-79.
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  • (1 other version)Other minds (IV.).John Wisdom - 1941 - Mind 50 (199):209-242.
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  • The use of 'theory' in philosophy.Oswald Hanfling - 2004 - In Erich Ammereller & Eugen Fisher, Wittgenstein at Work: Method in the Philosophical Investigations. New York: Routledge.
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  • Wittgenstein on Philosophical Therapy and Understanding.Charles Crittenden - 1970 - International Philosophical Quarterly 10 (1):20-43.
    The metaphysician wants to go beneath surface phenomena and to get at the essence of things, But instead arrives at a "picture" suggested by everyday language. Eliminating pictures requires bringing out the facts of everyday use and is not positivism or psychoanalysis. Still pictures arrange facts and lead to theories though not giving underlying realities. Rather essence is in usage: "essence is expressed by grammar". Thus philosophical therapy leads to closer accord with the world.
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  • Philosophical Therapy.Roy Brand - 2000 - International Studies in Philosophy 32 (1):1-22.
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  • Wittgenstein, freud, and the nature of psychoanalytic explanation.L. Sass - 2001 - In Richard Allen & Malcolm Turvey, Wittgenstein, Theory and the Arts. New York: Routledge. pp. 253--295.
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  • Austin on sense-data: Ordinary language analysis as 'therapy'.Eugen Fischer - 2006 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 70 (1):67-99.
    The construction and analysis of arguments supposedly are a philosopher's main business, the demonstration of truth or refutation of falsehood his principal aim. In Sense and Sensibilia, J.L. Austin does something entirely different: He discusses the sense-datum doctrine of perception, with the aim not of refuting it but of 'dissolving' the 'philosophical worry' it induces in its champions. To this end, he 'exposes' their 'concealed motives', without addressing their stated reasons. The paper explains where and why this at first sight (...)
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  • Austin on Sense-Data: Ordinary Language Analysis as `Therapy'. E. Fischer - 2006 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 70 (1):67.
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