Dialectic of Enlightenment is undoubtedly the most influential publication of the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory. Written during the Second World War and circulated privately, it appeared in a printed edition in Amsterdam in 1947. "What we had set out to do," the authors write in the Preface, "was nothing less than to explain why humanity, instead of entering a truly human state, is sinking into a new kind of barbarism." Yet the work goes far beyond a mere critique of (...) contemporary events. Historically remote developments, indeed, the birth of Western history and of subjectivity itself out of the struggle against natural forces, as represented in myths, are connected in a wide arch to the most threatening experiences of the present. The book consists in five chapters, at first glance unconnected, together with a number of shorter notes. The various analyses concern such phenomena as the detachment of science from practical life, formalized morality, the manipulative nature of entertainment culture, and a paranoid behavioral structure, expressed in aggressive anti-Semitism, that marks the limits of enlightenment. The authors perceive a common element in these phenomena, the tendency toward self-destruction of the guiding criteria inherent in enlightenment thought from the beginning. Using historical analyses to elucidate the present, they show, against the background of a prehistory of subjectivity, why the National Socialist terror was not an aberration of modern history but was rooted deeply in the fundamental characteristics of Western civilization. Adorno and Horkheimer see the self-destruction of Western reason as grounded in a historical and fateful dialectic between the domination of external nature and society. They trace enlightenment, which split these spheres apart, back to its mythical roots. Enlightenment and myth, therefore, are not irreconcilable opposites, but dialectically mediated qualities of both real and intellectual life. "Myth is already enlightenment, and enlightenment reverts to mythology." This paradox is the fundamental thesis of the book. This new translation, based on the text in the complete edition of the works of Max Horkheimer, contains textual variants, commentary upon them, and an editorial discussion of the position of this work in the development of Critical Theory. (shrink)

Стаття присвячена аналізу існуючих підходів до концептуалізації управління організаційними знаннями як процесу свідомого створення, структуризації і використання бази знань компанії в умовах глобалізації, поширення інформаційних технологій, що ознаменувало перехід до епохи, де найціннішим ресурсом організації стають такі інтелектуальні продукти, як "ноу-хау", знання компанії.

A magisterial mappa mundi of the terrain that Pierre Hadot has so productively worked for decades, this ambitious work revises our view of ancient philosophy- ...

Investigate the potential of the term "life science" in modern science and in education, in particular, the Ukrainian discourse of "life science" that aphoristic may represent an imperative Peter Sloterdijk, "You need to change your life!". Curricular considered "life science" option: science of life as an integrated discipline, deep differentiated system of knowledge, his other "forms". It is proved that the existing curricular interpretations of "life science" are incomplete without his philosophical options, which are determined by the answers to the (...) question "what is life?" in biophilosophy and philosophy of life. Seized range of issues provides a base to evaluate the process of declaration of "life science" new philosophy of education as the Ukrainian school explication mismatch problems of modern education content challenges of modern society and the individual's needs. The introduction of the idea to the school "life science" - is the idea of the approach of the content of education to the student life, however existing educational structures – technology, philosophy, courses and subjects – for the most part focused on the problem of the formation of daily living skills at the expense of formation of the competence and technology the individual capital. Therefore, the most urgent curricular options in this direction should be considered bio-pedagogical perspectives and biopolitical design of educational content. Bio-pedagogical optional "life science" involves the formation of educational content on bio-pedagogic principles, the science that studies the dynamics of life processes at the specially organized systematically targeted by human building activities, which applies methods of measuring biological functions to manage the pedagogical process. Bio-political option "life science" involves the introduction of a bio-political knowledge in modern education, which caused a large-scale intervention of pragmatic ideas and principles of biopolitics in all spheres of public life. A promising embodiment of this option is a representation of modern scientific biology as a structural basis throughout the school system. The discourse of "life science" in the context of education must be recognized in a constructive and promising, subject to filling and transformation in the philosophy of education based on scientific solutions to problems regarding the different versions of a philosophy of life and biophilosophy. (shrink)

Аналізується позиція антиглобалістів стосовно позитивного чи негативного значення глобалізаційних процесів для людини, її життєвого середовища; головна думка антиглобалістів полягає в тому, що глобалізація у існуючому вигляді звужує життєвих простір менш успішних країн за рахунок яких забезпечується процвітання так званого «золотого міліарду»; автор підкреслює, що антиглобалісти постійно акцентують увагу світової спільноти на небезпеці культурної уніфікації, «американізації» й вестернізації, що проявляється сьогодні як утвердження загальних культурних універсалій − системи цінностей західноєвропейської культури, яка активно упроваджується за допомогою ЗМІ. Для антиглобалістів більш природніми є (...) ідеї культурної толерантності й мультикультуралізму як особливої практики і політики безконфліктного співіснування в одному життєвому просторі безлічі різнорідних культурних груп; полемізуючи з антиглобалістами, автор підкреслює, що кожна країна визначає власну стратегію та тактику модернізації, але найголовнішою її метою є створення механізмів самовдосконалення й самовідтворення суспільства як цілісної системи, яка є конкурентною у забезпеченні життєвого простору людини у глобальних процесах сучасності. (shrink)

The topicality of the philosophic research of the Renaissance dualisms in the sphere of soul and body is stipulated by the representation of the dichotomy which puts focus on the body that is able to perform complicated forms of cognition. This kind of representation encouraged both philosopher and writers of the Renaissance to praise the artistic and subjective image of man. The «Titans» of the Renaissance produced the ways of explaining human mind and body in the close connection of the (...) spiritual and the material thus moving away from the Platonic positions of the Greek philosophy and simultaneously deviating from the Middle Ages dualities of body and mind in the doctrines of the Reformation. The objective of the paper is to give an analysis with the expressed purpose of studying the nature of the dichotomy «soul-body» in the philosophy and culture of the Renaissance. The methodology of the research is based on the complex approach that is considered valid due to the inter-disciplinary character of the given study. The comparative/historical analyses used in this paper, can be represented as identification and explication of the system of cultural features and revealing deep factors which determine their interrelation. The scientific novelty of the research lies in finding out the essence of the Renaissance conception of man as for the duality of soul and body represented both in the philosophic treatises and in the artistic work of the Renaissance. The conclusions put an emphasis on the idea that the Renaissance «Titans» in the glorification of man in their «vita activa» admitted ambiguity in the man as an embodiment of the riot and quilt, the good and the evil at the moment of disruption between the order and the law of harmony. (shrink)