Switch to: Citations

Add references

You must login to add references.
  1. A Better Ape: The Evolution of the Moral Mind and How it Made Us Human.Victor Kumar & Richmond Campbell - 2022 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Edited by Richmond Campbell.
    Humans are moral creatures. Among all life on Earth, we alone experience rich moral emotions, follow complex rules governing how we treat one another, and engage in moral dialogue. But how did human morality evolve? And can humans become morally evolved? -/- In A Better Ape, Victor Kumar and Richmond Campbell draw on the latest research in the biological and social sciences to explain the key role that morality has played in human evolution. They explore the moral traits that humans (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  • Racism, Ideology, and Social Movements.Sally Haslanger - 2017 - Res Philosophica 94 (1):1-22.
    Racism, sexism, and other forms of injustice are more than just bad attitudes; after all, such injustice involves unfair distributions of goods and resources. But attitudes play a role. How central is that role? Tommie Shelby, among others, argues that racism is an ideology and takes a cognitivist approach suggesting that ideologies consist in false beliefs that arise out of and serve pernicious social conditions. In this paper I argue that racism is better understood as a set of practices, attitudes, (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   69 citations  
  • Wretched of the Earth.Frantz Fanon - 1963 - Grove Press.
    Investigates the role of violence in social change, as reflected in its use by colonized peoples to achieve the liberation of the Third World.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   22 citations  
  • The expanding circle: ethics, evolution, and moral progress.Peter Singer - 2011 - Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    What is ethics? Where do moral standards come from? Are they based on emotions, reason, or some innate sense of right and wrong? For many scientists, the key lies entirely in biology---especially in Darwinian theories of evolution and self-preservation. But if evolution is a struggle for survival, why are we still capable of altruism? In his classic study The Expanding Circle, Peter Singer argues that altruism began as a genetically based drive to protect one's kin and community members but has (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   93 citations  
  • The ethical project.Philip Kitcher - 2011 - Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
    Instead of conceiving ethical commands as divine revelations or as the discoveries of brilliant thinkers, we should see our ethical practices as evolving over tens of thousands of years, as members of our species have worked out how to live together and prosper. Here, Kitcher elaborates his radical vision of this millennia-long ethical project.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   219 citations  
  • The Autonomy of Morality.Charles Larmore - 2008 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    In The Autonomy of Morality Charles Larmore challenges two ideas that have shaped the modern mind. The world, he argues, is not a realm of value-neutral fact, nor does human freedom consist in imposing principles of our own devising on an alien reality. Rather, reason consists in being responsive to reasons for thought and action that arise from the world itself. Larmore shows that the moral good has an authority that speaks for itself. Only in this light does the true (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   53 citations  
  • Dialectic of enlightenment: philosophical fragments.Max Horkheimer - 2002 - Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. Edited by Theodor W. Adorno & Gunzelin Schmid Noerr.
    Dialectic of Enlightenment is undoubtedly the most influential publication of the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory. Written during the Second World War and circulated privately, it appeared in a printed edition in Amsterdam in 1947. "What we had set out to do," the authors write in the Preface, "was nothing less than to explain why humanity, instead of entering a truly human state, is sinking into a new kind of barbarism." Yet the work goes far beyond a mere critique of (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   196 citations  
  • The limits of international law.Jack L. Goldsmith - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press. Edited by Eric A. Posner.
    A theory of customary international law -- Case studies -- A theory of international agreements -- Human rights -- International trade -- A theory of international rhetoric -- International law and moral obligation -- Liberal democracy and cosmopolitan duty.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   16 citations  
  • Is There Progress in Morality?Dale Jamieson - 2002 - Utilitas 14 (3):318.
    My question, which is central to the business of moral philosophy, is implicitly addressed by many philosophers, yet explicitly addressed by only a few. In this paper I address the question head-on, and propose a qualified affirmative answer.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   21 citations  
  • The Evolution of Moral Progress. A Biocultural Theory.Allan Buchanan & Russel Powell - 2019 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 73 (1):161-164.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   35 citations  
  • Sentimental rules: on the natural foundations of moral judgment.Shaun Nichols - 2004 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Sentimental Rules is an ambitious and highly interdisciplinary work, which proposes and defends a new theory about the nature and evolution of moral judgment. In it, philosopher Shaun Nichols develops the theory that emotions play a critical role in both the psychological and the cultural underpinnings of basic moral judgment. Nichols argues that our norms prohibiting the harming of others are fundamentally associated with our emotional responses to those harms, and that such 'sentimental rules' enjoy an advantage in cultural evolution, (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   300 citations  
  • The End of Progress: Decolonizing the Normative Foundations of Critical Theory.Amy Allen - 2016 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    While post- and decolonial theorists have thoroughly debunked the idea of historical progress as a Eurocentric, imperialist, and neocolonialist fallacy, many of the most prominent contemporary thinkers associated with the Frankfurt School--Jürgen Habermas, Axel Honneth, and Rainer Forst--have persistently defended ideas of progress, development, and modernity and have even made such ideas central to their normative claims. Can the Frankfurt School's goal of radical social change survive this critique? And what would a decolonized critical theory look like? Amy Allen fractures (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   140 citations  
  • Moral teleology: a theory of progress.Hanno Sauer - 2023 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    This book develops a unified theory of moral progress. The author argues that there are mechanisms in place that consistently drive societies towards moral improvement and that a sophisticated, naturalistically respectable form of teleology can be defended. The book's main aim is to flesh out the process of moral progress in more detail, and to show how, when the right mechanisms and institutions of moral progress are matched together, they create pressure for the desired types of moral gains to manifest. (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  • Perpetual Peace.Immanuel Kant - 1939 - Columbia University Press.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   14 citations  
  • Our moral fate: evolution and the escape from tribalism.Allen E. Buchanan - 2020 - Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
    The subject of this book is moral change, including moral progress and regression. The intention is to use the best thinking about the evolution of morality and the best available social science research to determine the possibilities for progressive change in human moralities by examining important morally progressive changes that have already occurred, in order to determine the social conditions that are conducive to moral progress.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  • Making Space for Justice Social Movements, Collective Imagination, and Political Hope.Michele Moody-Adams - 2022 - New York, NY, USA: Columbia University Press.
    From nineteenth-century abolitionism to Black Lives Matter today, progressive social movements have been at the forefront of social change. Yet it is seldom recognized that such movements have not only engaged in political action but also posed crucial philosophical questions about the meaning of justice and about how the demands of justice can be met. -/- Michele Moody-Adams argues that anyone who is concerned with the theory or the practice of justice—or both—must ask what can be learned from social movements. (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  • Moral Progress.Philip Kitcher, Jan-Christoph Heilinger, Rahel Jaeggi & Susan Neiman - 2021 - New York: Oxford University Press. Edited by Jan-Christoph Heilinger.
    "The overall aim of this book is to understand the character of moral progress, so that making moral progress may become more systematic and secure, less chancy and less bloody. Drawing on three historical examples - the abolition of chattel slavery, the expansion of opportunities for women, and the increasing acceptance of same-sex love - it asks how those changes were brought about, and seeks a methodology for streamlining the kinds of developments that occurred. Moral progress is conceived as pragmatic (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   21 citations  
  • Rational Rules: Towards a Theory of Moral Learning.Shaun Nichols - 2021 - Oxford University Press.
    Rational Rules argues that moral learning can be understood in terms of general-purpose rational learning procedures. Nichols provides statistical learning accounts of some fundamental aspects of moral development, combining aspects of traditional empiricist and rationalist approaches.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  • Critique of Forms of Life.Rahel Jaeggi - 2018 - Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
    For many liberals, the question "Do others live rightly?" feels inappropriate. Liberalism seems to demand a follow-up question: "Who am I to judge?" Peaceful coexistence, in this view, is predicated on restraint from morally evaluating our peers. But Rahel Jaeggi sees the situation differently. Criticizing is not only valid but also useful, she argues. Moral judgment is no error; the error lies in how we go about judging. One way to judge is external, based on universal standards derived from ideas (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   81 citations  
  • Justice and the Politics of Difference.Iris Marion Young - 1990 - Princeton University Press.
    In this classic work of feminist political thought, Iris Marion Young challenges the prevailing reduction of social justice to distributive justice.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   883 citations  
  • Unsociable Sociability.Allen W. Wood - 1991 - Philosophical Topics 19 (1):325-351.
    Kant holds that the moral principle is a priori, not empirical. But consistently with this, important parts of Kantian ethics, including his formulations of the moral principle, depend on a rich and interesting empirical theory of human nature.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   33 citations  
  • Why Moral Reasoning Is Insufficient for Moral Progress.Agnes Tam - 2020 - Journal of Political Philosophy 28 (1):73-96.
    A lively debate in the literature on moral progress concerns the role of practical reasoning: Does it enable or subvert moral progress? Rationalists believe that moral reasoning enables moral progress, because it helps enhance objectivity in thinking, overcome unruly sentiments, and open our minds to new possibilities. By contrast, skeptics argue that moral reasoning subverts moral progress. Citing growing empirical research on bias, they show that objectivity is an illusion and that moral reasoning merely rationalizes pre-existing biased moral norms. In (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  • The emotional construction of morals.Jesse J. Prinz - 2007 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Jesse Prinz argues that recent work in philosophy, neuroscience, and anthropology supports two radical hypotheses about the nature of morality: moral values are based on emotional responses, and these emotional responses are inculcated by culture, not hard-wired through natural selection. In the first half of the book, Jesse Prinz defends the hypothesis that morality has an emotional foundation. Evidence from brain imaging, social psychology, and psychopathology suggest that, when we judge something to be right or wrong, we are merely expressing (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   370 citations  
  • The evolution of moral progress and biomedical moral enhancement.Ingmar Persson & Julian Savulescu - 2019 - Bioethics 33 (7):814-819.
    In The Evolution of Moral Progress Allen Buchanan and Russell Powell advance an evolutionary explanation of moral progress by morality becoming more ‘inclusivist’. We are prepared to accept this explanation as far as it goes, but argue that it fails to explain how morality can become inclusivist in the fuller sense they intend. In fact, it even rules out inclusivism in their intended sense of moral progress, since they believe that human altruism and prosocial attitudes are essentially parochial. We also (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   6 citations  
  • Norms in the Wild: How to Diagnose, Measure, and Change Social Norms.Cristina Bicchieri - 2016 - New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
    In Norms in the Wild, distinguished philosopher Cristina Bicchieri argues that when it comes to human behavior, social scientists place too much stress on rational deliberation. In fact, she says, many choices occur without much deliberation at all. Two people passing in a corridor automatically negotiate their shared space; cars at an intersection obey traffic signals; we choose clothing based on our instincts for what is considered appropriate. Bicchieri's theory of social norms accounts for these automatic components of coordination, where (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   111 citations  
  • Moral Progress and Human Agency.Michele M. Moody-Adams - 2017 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 20 (1):153-168.
    The idea of moral progress is a necessary presupposition of action for beings like us. We must believe that moral progress is possible and that it might have been realized in human experience, if we are to be confident that continued human action can have any morally constructive point. I discuss the implications of this truth for moral psychology. I also show that once we understand the complex nature and the complicated social sources of moral progress, we will appreciate why (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   19 citations  
  • The Idea of Moral Progress.Michele M. Moody-Adams - 1999 - Metaphilosophy 30 (3):168-185.
    This paper shows that moral progress is a substantive and plausible idea. Moral progress in belief involves deepening our grasp of existing moral concepts, while moral progress in practices involves realizing deepened moral understandings in behavior or social institutions. Moral insights could not be assimilated or widely disseminated if they involved devising and applying totally new moral concepts. Thus, it is argued, moral failures of past societies cannot be explained by appeal to ignorance of new moral ideas, but must be (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   44 citations  
  • What good is moral reasoning?Hugo Mercier - 2011 - Mind and Society 10 (2):131-148.
    The role of reasoning in our moral lives has been increasingly called into question by moral psychology. Not only are intuitions guiding many of our moral judgments and decisions, with reasoning only finding post-hoc rationalizations, but reasoning can sometimes play a negative role, by finding excuses for our moral violations. The observations fit well with the argumentative theory of reasoning (Mercier H, Sperber D, Behav Brain Sci, in press-b), which claims that reasoning evolved to find and evaluate arguments in dialogic (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   23 citations  
  • Does Disgust Influence Moral Judgment?Joshua May - 2014 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 92 (1):125-141.
    Recent empirical research seems to show that emotions play a substantial role in moral judgment. Perhaps the most important line of support for this claim focuses on disgust. A number of philosophers and scientists argue that there is adequate evidence showing that disgust significantly influences various moral judgments. And this has been used to support or undermine a range of philosophical theories, such as sentimentalism and deontology. I argue that the existing evidence does not support such arguments. At best it (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   43 citations  
  • Race, Empire, and the Idea of Human Development.Thomas McCarthy - 2009 - Cambridge University Press.
    In an exciting study of ideas accompanying the rise of the West, Thomas McCarthy analyzes the ideologies of race and empire that were integral to European-American expansion. He highlights the central role that conceptions of human development played in answering challenges to legitimacy through a hierarchical ordering of difference. Focusing on Kant and natural history in the eighteenth century, Mill and social Darwinism in the nineteenth, and theories of development and modernization in the twentieth, he proposes a critical theory of (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   27 citations  
  • Slavery, Carbon, and Moral Progress.Dale Jamieson - 2017 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 20 (1):169-183.
    My goal in this paper is to shed light on how moral progress actually occurs. I begin by restating a conception of moral progress that I set out in previous work, the “Naïve Conception,” and explain how it comports with various normative and metaethical views. I go on to develop an index of moral progress and show how judgments about moral progress can be made. I then discuss an example of moral progress from the past—the British abolition of the Atlantic (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  • Situating Moral Justification: Rethinking the Mission of Moral Epistemology.Alison Jaggar & Theresa Weynand Tobin - 2013 - Metaphilosophy 44 (4):383-408.
    This is the first of two companion articles drawn from a larger project, provisionally entitled Undisciplining Moral Epistemology. The overall goal is to understand how moral claims may be rationally justified in a world characterized by cultural diversity and social inequality. To show why a new approach to moral justification is needed, it is argued that several currently influential philosophical accounts of moral justification lend themselves to rationalizing the moral claims of those with more social power. The present article explains (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations  
  • Debunking leftward progress.Michael Huemer - 2019 - Ratio 32 (4):312-324.
    In earlier work, I argued that observed changes in moral values over human history are best explained as cognitive progress: societies tend over the long term to move closer to the objective moral truth. It is also true that, in recent decades, liberal democracies have moved strongly in the direction of greater government regulation and wealth redistribution. Does this mean that extensive regulation and redistribution are objectively good? I argue that the answer is no; these recent trends are importantly different (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  • A liberal realist answer to debunking skeptics: the empirical case for realism.Michael Huemer - 2016 - Philosophical Studies 173 (7):1983-2010.
    Debunking skeptics claim that our moral beliefs are formed by processes unsuited to identifying objective facts, such as emotions inculcated by our genes and culture; therefore, they say, even if there are objective moral facts, we probably don’t know them. I argue that the debunking skeptics cannot explain the pervasive trend toward liberalization of values over human history, and that the best explanation is the realist’s: humanity is becoming increasingly liberal because liberalism is the objectively correct moral stance.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   47 citations  
  • What is a Social Practice?Sally Haslanger - 2018 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 82:231-247.
    This paper provides an account of social practices that reveals how they are constitutive of social agency, enable coordination around things of value, and are a site for social intervention. The social world, on this account, does not begin when psychologically sophisticated individuals interact to share knowledge or make plans. Instead, culture shapes agents to interpret and respond both to each other and the physical world around us. Practices shape us as we shape them. This provides resources for understanding why (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   47 citations  
  • The Emotional Dog and Its Rational Tail: A Social Intuitionist Approach to Moral Judgment.Jonathan Haidt - 2001 - Psychological Review 108 (4):814-834.
    Research on moral judgment has been dominated by rationalist models, in which moral judgment is thought to be caused by moral reasoning. The author gives 4 reasons for considering the hypothesis that moral reasoning does not cause moral judgment; rather, moral reasoning is usually a post hoc construction, generated after a judgment has been reached. The social intuitionist model is presented as an alternative to rationalist models. The model is a social model in that it deemphasizes the private reasoning done (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1540 citations  
  • Moral Progress for Evolved Rational Creatures.William J. FitzPatrick - 2019 - Analyse & Kritik 41 (2):217-238.
    Allen Buchanan and Russell Powell have developed a rich ‘biocultural theory’ of the nature and causes of moral progress (and regress) for human beings conceived as evolved rational creatures with a nature characterized by ‘adaptive plasticity’. They characterize their theory as a thoroughly naturalistic account of moral progress, while bracketing various questions in moral theory and metaethics in favor of focusing on a certain range of more scientifically tractable questions under some stipulated moral and metaethical assumptions. While I am very (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  • Lectures on the philosophy of world history: introduction, reason in history.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (ed.) - 1975 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    An English translation of Hegel's introduction to his lectures on the philosophy of history, based directly on the standard German edition by Johannes Hoffmeister, first published in 1955. The previous English translation, by J. Sibree, first appeared in 1857 and was based on the defective German edition of Karl Hegel, to which Hoffmeister's edition added a large amount of new material previously unknown to English readers, derived from earlier editors. In the introduction to his lectures, Hegel lays down the principles (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   24 citations  
  • The German Ideology: Part One, with Selections from Parts Two and Three, Together with Marx's 'Introduction to a Critique of Political Economy'.Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels & C. J. Arthur - 1989 - Lawrence & Wishart.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  • The Philosophy of History. With Prefaces by Charles Hegel and the Translator, J. Sibree.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel - 1900 - Colonial Press.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   8 citations  
  • Illuminations: Essays and Reflections.Walter Benjamin - 1969 - Schocken.
    Views from one of the most original cultural critics of the twentieth century, Walter Benjamin.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   91 citations  
  • Minima moralia: reflections on a damaged life.Theodor W. Adorno - 1974 - New York: Verso. Edited by E. F. N. Jephcott.
    A reflection on everyday existence in the 'sphere of consumption of late Capitalism', this work is Adorno's literary and philosophical masterpiece.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   105 citations  
  • 'Our Posthuman Future': Biotechnology as a Threat to Human Nature.Francis Fukuyama - 2002 - fsgbooks.
    In a sense, all technology is biotechnology: machines interacting with human organisms. Technology is designed to overcome the frailties and limitations of human beings in a state of nature -- to make us faster, stronger, longer-lived, smarter, happier. And all technology raises questions about its real contribution to human welfare: are our lives really better for the existence of the automobile, television, nuclear power? These questions are ethical and political, as well as medical; and they even reach to the philosophical (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   105 citations  
  • History and Freedom: Lectures 1964-1965.Theodor W. Adorno - 2006 - Cambridge: Polity. Edited by Rolf Tiedmann.
    "Early in the 1960s Adorno gave four courses of lectures on the road leading to Negative Dialectics, his magnum opus of 1966. The second of these was concerned with the topics of history and freedom. In terms of content, these lectures represented an early version of the chapters in Negative Dialectics devoted to Kant and Hegel. In formal terms, these were improvised lectures that permit us to glimpse a philosophical work in progress." -- Cover, p. [4].
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   30 citations  
  • Orientalism.Edward Said - 1978 - Vintage.
    A provocative critique of Western attitudes about the Orient, this history examines the ways in which the West has discovered, invented, and sought to control the East from the 1700s to the present.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   555 citations  
  • The social epistemology of morality: learning from the forgotten history of the abolition of slavery.Elizabeth Anderson - 2016 - In Michael Brady & Miranda Fricker (eds.), The Epistemic Life of Groups: Essays in the Epistemology of Collectives. Oxford University Press UK.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  • On History.I. KANT - 1963
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  • Kant, History, and the Idea of Moral Development.Pauline Kleingeld - 1999 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 16 (1):59-80.
    I examine the consistency of Kant's notion of moral progress as found in his philosophy of history. To many commentators, Kant's very idea of moral development has seemed inconsistent with basic tenets of his critical philosophy. This idea has seemed incompatible with his claims that the moral law is unconditionally and universally valid, that moral agency is noumenal and atemporal, and that all humans are equally free. Against these charges, I argue not only that Kant's notion of moral development is (...)
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   31 citations  
  • Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Aim.Immanuel Kant - 2007 - In Anthropology, History, and Education. Cambridge University Press.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   48 citations  
  • The Constitution of Liberty.Friedrich Hayek - 1998 - Law and Philosophy 17 (1):77-109.
    Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   267 citations