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  1. The epistemic superiority of experiment to simulation.Sherrilyn Roush - 2018 - Synthese 195 (11):4883-4906.
    This paper defends the naïve thesis that the method of experiment has per se an epistemic superiority over the method of computer simulation, a view that has been rejected by some philosophers writing about simulation, and whose grounds have been hard to pin down by its defenders. I further argue that this superiority does not come from the experiment’s object being materially similar to the target in the world that the investigator is trying to learn about, as both sides of (...)
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  • (2 other versions)The Philosophy of Leibniz: Metaphysics and Language.Benson Mates - 1986 - Studia Leibnitiana 19 (2):216-218.
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  • Hypercomputation and the Physical Church‐Turing Thesis.Paolo Cotogno - 2003 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 54 (2):181-223.
    A version of the Church-Turing Thesis states that every effectively realizable physical system can be simulated by Turing Machines (‘Thesis P’). In this formulation the Thesis appears to be an empirical hypothesis, subject to physical falsification. We review the main approaches to computation beyond Turing definability (‘hypercomputation’): supertask, non-well-founded, analog, quantum, and retrocausal computation. The conclusions are that these models reduce to supertasks, i.e. infinite computation, and that even supertasks are no solution for recursive incomputability. This yields that the realization (...)
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  • (2 other versions)The philosophy of Leibniz. Metaphysics and Language.Benson Mates - 1986 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 181 (1):106-107.
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  • ‘Mathematical Platonism’ Versus Gathering the Dead: What Socrates teaches Glaucon &dagger.Colin McLarty - 2005 - Philosophia Mathematica 13 (2):115-134.
    Glaucon in Plato's _Republic_ fails to grasp intermediates. He confuses pursuing a goal with achieving it, and so he adopts ‘mathematical platonism’. He says mathematical objects are eternal. Socrates urges a seriously debatable, and seriously defensible, alternative centered on the destruction of hypotheses. He offers his version of geometry and astronomy as refuting the charge that he impiously ‘ponders things up in the sky and investigates things under the earth and makes the weaker argument the stronger’. We relate his account (...)
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  • What is technological science?Sven Ove Hansson - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (3):523-527.
    The technological sciences have at least six defining characteristics that distinguish them from the other sciences. They have human-made rather than natural objects as their study objects, include the practice of engineering design, define their study objects in functional terms, evaluate these study objects with category-specified value statements, employ less far-reaching idealizations than the natural sciences, and do not need an exact mathematical solution when a sufficiently close approximation is available. In combination, the six characteristics are sufficient to show that (...)
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  • Does matter really matter? Computer simulations, experiments, and materiality.Wendy S. Parker - 2009 - Synthese 169 (3):483-496.
    A number of recent discussions comparing computer simulation and traditional experimentation have focused on the significance of “materiality.” I challenge several claims emerging from this work and suggest that computer simulation studies are material experiments in a straightforward sense. After discussing some of the implications of this material status for the epistemology of computer simulation, I consider the extent to which materiality (in a particular sense) is important when it comes to making justified inferences about target systems on the basis (...)
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  • Is Simulation an Epistemic Substitute for Experimentation?Isabelle Peschard - unknown
    It is sometimes said that simulation can serve as epistemic substitute for experimentation. Such a claim might be suggested by the fast-spreading use of computer simulation to investigate phenomena not accessible to experimentation. But what does that mean? The paper starts with a clarification of the terms of the issue and then focuses on two powerful arguments for the view that simulation and experimentation are ‘epistemically on a par’. One is based on the claim that, in experimentation, no less than (...)
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  • Log or linear? Distinct intuitions of the number scale in Western and Amazonian indigene cultures.Pierre Pica, Stanislas Dehaene, Elizabeth Spelke & Véronique Izard - 2008 - Science 320 (5880):1217-1220.
    The mapping of numbers onto space is fundamental to measurement and to mathematics. Is this mapping a cultural invention or a universal intuition shared by all humans regardless of culture and education? We probed number-space mappings in the Mundurucu, an Amazonian indigene group with a reduced numerical lexicon and little or no formal education. At all ages, the Mundurucu mapped symbolic and nonsymbolic numbers onto a logarithmic scale, whereas Western adults used linear mapping with small or symbolic numbers and logarithmic (...)
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  • Exact and Approximate Arithmetic in an Amazonian Indigene Group.Pierre Pica, Cathy Lemer, Véronique Izard & Stanislas Dehaene - 2004 - Science 306 (5695):499-503.
    Is calculation possible without language? Or is the human ability for arithmetic dependent on the language faculty? To clarify the relation between language and arithmetic, we studied numerical cognition in speakers of Mundurukú, an Amazonian language with a very small lexicon of number words. Although the Mundurukú lack words for numbers beyond 5, they are able to compare and add large approximate numbers that are far beyond their naming range. However, they fail in exact arithmetic with numbers larger than 4 (...)
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  • On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem.Alan Turing - 1936 - Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society 42 (1):230-265.
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  • The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences.Eugene Wigner - 1960 - Communications in Pure and Applied Mathematics 13:1-14.
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  • SAD computers and two versions of the Church–Turing thesis.Tim Button - 2009 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 60 (4):765-792.
    Recent work on hypercomputation has raised new objections against the Church–Turing Thesis. In this paper, I focus on the challenge posed by a particular kind of hypercomputer, namely, SAD computers. I first consider deterministic and probabilistic barriers to the physical possibility of SAD computation. These suggest several ways to defend a Physical version of the Church–Turing Thesis. I then argue against Hogarth's analogy between non-Turing computability and non-Euclidean geometry, showing that it is a non-sequitur. I conclude that the Effective version (...)
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  • Quantum hypercomputation—hype or computation?Amit Hagar & Alex Korolev - 2007 - Philosophy of Science 74 (3):347-363.
    A recent attempt to compute a (recursion‐theoretic) noncomputable function using the quantum adiabatic algorithm is criticized and found wanting. Quantum algorithms may outperform classical algorithms in some cases, but so far they retain the classical (recursion‐theoretic) notion of computability. A speculation is then offered as to where the putative power of quantum computers may come from.
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  • The Epistemology of Computer-Mediated Proofs.Naveen Govindarajulu & Selmer Bringsjord - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Artisans and Mathematicians in Medieval IslamThe Topkapi Scroll: Geometry and Ornament in Islamic Architecture.George Saliba, Gülru Necipoğlu & Gulru Necipoglu - 1999 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 119 (4):637.
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  • Physical Computation: A Mechanistic Account.Gualtiero Piccinini - 2015 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK.
    Gualtiero Piccinini articulates and defends a mechanistic account of concrete, or physical, computation. A physical system is a computing system just in case it is a mechanism one of whose functions is to manipulate vehicles based solely on differences between different portions of the vehicles according to a rule defined over the vehicles. Physical Computation discusses previous accounts of computation and argues that the mechanistic account is better. Many kinds of computation are explicated, such as digital vs. analog, serial vs. (...)
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  • An Unsolvable Problem of Elementary Number Theory.Alonzo Church - 1936 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 1 (2):73-74.
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  • Extending Ourselves: Computational Science, Empiricism, and Scientific Method.Paul Humphreys - 2004 - New York, US: Oxford University Press.
    Computational methods such as computer simulations, Monte Carlo methods, and agent-based modeling have become the dominant techniques in many areas of science. Extending Ourselves contains the first systematic philosophical account of these new methods, and how they require a different approach to scientific method. Paul Humphreys draws a parallel between the ways in which such computational methods have enhanced our abilities to mathematically model the world, and the more familiar ways in which scientific instruments have expanded our access to the (...)
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  • Computer Simulations in Science.Eric Winsberg - forthcoming - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  • The Philosophy of Leibniz: Metaphysics and Language.Benson Mates - 1986 - New York, US: OUP Usa.
    This book offers a critical account of the fundamental elements of Leibniz's philosophy, as they manifest themselves in his metaphysics and philosophy of language. Emphasis is placed upon his hitherto neglected doctrine of nominalism, which states that only concrete individuals exist and that there are no such things as abstract entities – no numbers, geometrical figures or other mathematical objects, nor any abstractions such as space, time, heat, light, justice, goodness, or beauty. Using this doctrine as a basis, the book (...)
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  • Leibniz and the Calculus Ratiocinator.Wolfgang Lenzen - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Cryptology, Mathematics, and Technology.Sandy Zabell - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Intuitionistic epistemic logic.Sergei Artemov & Tudor Protopopescu - 2016 - Review of Symbolic Logic 9 (2):266-298.
    We outline an intuitionistic view of knowledge which maintains the original Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov semantics for intuitionism and is consistent with the well-known approach that intuitionistic knowledge be regarded as the result of verification. We argue that on this view coreflectionA→KAis valid and the factivity of knowledge holds in the formKA→ ¬¬A‘known propositions cannot be false’.We show that the traditional form of factivityKA→Ais a distinctly classical principle which, liketertium non datur A∨ ¬A, does not hold intuitionistically, but, along with the whole of (...)
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  • Philosophy of Action: An Anthology.Jonathan Dancy & Constantine Sandis (eds.) - 2015 - Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    _The Philosophy of Action: An Anthology_ is an authoritative collection of key work by top scholars, arranged thematically and accompanied by expert introductions written by the editors. This unique collection brings together a selection of the most influential essays from the 1960s to the present day. An invaluable collection that brings together a selection of the most important classic and contemporary articles in philosophy of action, from the 1960’s to the present day No other broad-ranging and detailed coverage of this (...)
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  • Abu al-Wafa’ Latinus? A Study of Method.Dominique Raynaud - 2012 - Historia Mathematica 39:34-83.
    This article studies the legacy in the West of Abū al-Wafā’s Book on those Geometric Constructions which are Necessary for Craftsmen. Although two-thirds of the geometric constructions in the text also appear in Renaissance works, a joint analysis of original solutions, diagram lettering and probability leads to a robust finding of independent discovery. The analysis shows that there is little chance that the similarities between the contents of Abū al-Wafā’s Book and the works of Tartaglia, Marolois and Schwenter owe anything (...)
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  • Frege, Leibniz and the Notion of an Ideal Language.Eike-Henner W. Kluge - 1980 - Studia Leibnitiana 12:140.
    In diesem Aufsatz stelle ich mir die Aufgabe, den Einfluß von Leibniz' Idee einer lingua characterica und eines calculus ratiocinator auf Gottlob Freges Projekt einer Begriffsschrift im groben Aufriß auf Grund begrifflicher Parallelen darzulegen.
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  • Intuitionism Disproved?Timothy Williamson - 1982 - Analysis 42 (4):203--7.
    Perennial philosophers' hopes are unlikely victims of swift, natural deduction. Yet anti-realism has been thought one. Not hoping for anti-realism myself I here show it, lest it be underestimated, to survive the following argument, adapted from W. D.Hart pp. 156, 164-5; he credits first publication to Fitch).
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  • The four-color problem and its philosophical significance.Thomas Tymoczko - 1979 - Journal of Philosophy 76 (2):57-83.
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  • The four-color theorem and mathematical proof.Michael Detlefsen & Mark Luker - 1980 - Journal of Philosophy 77 (12):803-820.
    I criticize a recent paper by Thomas Tymoczko in which he attributes fundamental philosophical significance and novelty to the lately-published computer-assisted proof of the four color theorem (4CT). Using reasoning precisely analogous to that employed by Tymoczko, I argue that much of traditional mathematical proof must be seen as resting on what Tymoczko must take as being "empirical" evidence. The new proof of the 4CT, with its use of what Tymoczko calls "empirical" evidence is therefore not so novel as he (...)
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  • On Explaining Non-dynamically the Quantum Correlations Via Quantum Information Theory: What It Takes.Laura Felline & Mauro Dorato - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
    Within the current mainstream research in the foundations of physics, much attention has been turned to the program of Axiomatic Reconstruction of Quantum Theory in terms of Information-Theoretic principles (ARQIT). ARQIT aims at finding a few general information-theoretic principles from which, once translated into mathematical terms, one can formally derive the structure of quantum theory. This chapter explores the role of mechanistic explanations and mathematical explanations (in particular, structural explanations) within ARQIT. With such considerations as a point of departure, we (...)
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  • Challenging epistemology: Interactive proofs and zero knowledge.Justin Bledin - 2008 - Journal of Applied Logic 6 (4):490-501.
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  • The Uses and Misuses of Philosophical Scepticism.Sven Ove Hansson - 2017 - Theoria 83 (3):169-174.
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  • (1 other version)Non-Turing Computers and Non-Turing Computability.Mark Hogarth - 1994 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1994:126-138.
    A true Turing machine requires an infinitely long paper tape. Thus a TM can be housed in the infinite world of Newtonian spacetime, but not necessarily in our world, because our world-at least according to our best spacetime theory, general relativity-may be finite. All the same, one can argue for the "existence" of a TM on the basis that there is no such housing problem in some other relativistic worlds that are similar to our world. But curiously enough-and this is (...)
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  • Science and Technology: What They Are and Why Their Relation Matters.Sven Hansson - 2015 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag.
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  • (1 other version)Non-Turing Computers and Non-Turing Computability.Mark Hogarth - 1994 - Psa 1994:126--138.
    A true Turing machine (TM) requires an infinitely long paper tape. Thus a TM can be housed in the infinite world of Newtonian spacetime (the spacetime of common sense), but not necessarily in our world, because our world-at least according to our best spacetime theory, general relativity-may be finite. All the same, one can argue for the "existence" of a TM on the basis that there is no such housing problem in some other relativistic worlds that are similar ("close") to (...)
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  • A notion of mechanistic theory.G. Kreisel - 1974 - Synthese 29 (1-4):11 - 26.
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  • Computation, Implementation, Cognition.Oron Shagrir - 2012 - Minds and Machines 22 (2):137-148.
    Putnam (Representations and reality. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1988) and Searle (The rediscovery of the mind. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1992) famously argue that almost every physical system implements every finite computation. This universal implementation claim, if correct, puts at the risk of triviality certain functional and computational views of the mind. Several authors have offered theories of implementation that allegedly avoid the pitfalls of universal implementation. My aim in this paper is to suggest that these theories are still consistent with a (...)
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  • Mathematics and Technology Before the Modern Era.Sven Hansson - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Universality, Invariance, and the Foundations of Computational Complexity in the light of the Quantum Computer.Michael Cuffaro - 2018 - In Hansson Sven Ove (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag. pp. 253-282.
    Computational complexity theory is a branch of computer science dedicated to classifying computational problems in terms of their difficulty. While computability theory tells us what we can compute in principle, complexity theory informs us regarding our practical limits. In this chapter I argue that the science of \emph{quantum computing} illuminates complexity theory by emphasising that its fundamental concepts are not model-independent, but that this does not, as some suggest, force us to radically revise the foundations of the theory. For model-independence (...)
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  • The Rise and Fall of the Anti-Mathematical Movement.Sven Hansson - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Number Words and Number Symbols: A Cultural History of Numbers.Karl Menninger & Paul Broneer - 1971 - Philosophy East and West 21 (1):97-98.
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  • Reflections on the Empirical Applicability of Mathematics.Tor Sandqvist - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  • Antirealism and universal knowability.Michael Hand - 2010 - Synthese 173 (1):25 - 39.
    Truth’s universal knowability entails its discovery. This threatens antirealism, which is thought to require it. Fortunately, antirealism is not committed to it. Avoiding it requires adoption (and extension) of Dag Prawitz’s position in his long-term disagreement with Michael Dummett on the notion of provability involved in intuitionism’s identification of it with truth. Antirealism (intuitionism generalized) must accommodate a notion of lost-opportunity truth (a kind of recognition-transcendent truth), and even truth consisting in the presence of unperformable verifications. Dummett’s position cannot abide (...)
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  • The Scientific Use of Technological Instruments.Mieke Boon - 2015 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag.
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  • (1 other version)Preview.Sven Hansson - 2015 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag.
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  • Artisans and Mathematicians in Medieval Islam. [REVIEW]George Saliba - 1999 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 199 (4):637-645.
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  • Mathematical Models of Technological and Social Complexity.Ronald Kline - 2018 - In Sven Ove Hansson (ed.), Technology and Mathematics: Philosophical and Historical Investigations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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