105 found
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  1. Marquard Freher and the presumption of goodness in legal humanism.Andreas Blank - 2023 - History of European Ideas 49 (3):491-505.
    One of the most detailed early modern discussions of the morality of esteem can be found in the work of the reformed jurist and historian Marquard Freher (1565–1614). Since the question of how much esteem others deserve is fraught with a high degree of uncertainty, Freher relied on the work of other legal humanists, who discussed questions of esteem from the perspective of arguments from the presumption of goodness. The humanist approach to the presumption of goodness integrated considerations about presumed (...)
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  2. Cesalpino on Sensitive Powers and the Question of Divine Immanence.Andreas Blank - 2023 - In Fabrizio Baldassarri & Craig Edwin Martin (eds.), Andrea Cesalpino and Renaissance Aristotelianism. New York: Bloomsbury. pp. 69-87.
    Nicolaus Taurellus (1547-1606) developed a detailed critique of Cesalpino’s cardiocentric physiology, challenging the causal roles that Cesalpino ascribed to the heart, blood, vital spirits and vital heat in the origin of sensitive powers. He also rejected Cesalpino’s view that a cardiocentric physiology of sensation could be used as an analogy to explain in what sense the universe could be understood as being animated. The central point of Taurellus’s critique is that Cesalpino’s treatment of vital heat implies a theory of divine (...)
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  3. Esteem and self-esteem in early modern ethics and politics. An overview.Andreas Blank - 2022 - Intellectual History Review 32 (1):1-14.
    The self-worth of political communities is often understood to be an expression of their position in a hierarchy of power; if so, then the desire for self-worth is a source of competition and conflict in international relations. In early modern German natural law theories, one finds the alternative view, according to which duties of esteem toward political communities should reflect the degree to which they fulfill the functions of civil government. The present article offers a case study, examining the views (...)
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  4. Christoph Besold on confederation rights and duties of esteem in diplomatic relations.Andreas Blank - 2022 - Intellectual History Review 32 (1):51-70.
    The self-worth of political communities is often understood to be an expression of their position in a hierarchy of power; if so, then the desire for self-worth is a source of competition and conflict in international relations. In early modern German natural law theories, one finds the alternative view, according to which duties of esteem toward political communities should reflect the degree to which they fulfill the functions of civil government. The present article offers a case study, examining the views (...)
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  5. Self-knowledge and varieties of human excellence in the French moralists.Andreas Blank - 2019 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 27 (3):513-534.
    ABSTRACTContemporary accounts of knowing one’s own mental states can be instructively supplemented by early modern accounts that understand self-knowledge as an important factor for flourishing human life. This article argues that in the early modern French moralists, one finds diverging conceptions of how knowing one’s own personal qualities could constitute a kind of human excellence: François de la Rochefoucauld argues that the value of knowing one’s own character faults could contribute to an attitude of self-acceptance that liberates one from the (...)
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  6. Christian Wolff on Common Notions and Duties of Esteem.Andreas Blank - 2019 - Journal of Early Modern Studies 8 (1):171-193.
    While contemporary accounts understand esteem and self-esteem as essentially competitive phenomena, early modern natural law theorists developed a conception of justified esteem and self-esteem based on naturally good character traits. This article explores how such a normative conception of esteem and self-esteem is developed in the work of Christian Wolff. Two features make Wolff’s approach distinctive: He uses the analysis of common notions that are expressed in everyday language to provide a foundation for the aspects of natural law on which (...)
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  7. Wolff on duties of esteem in the law of peoples.Andreas Blank - 2021 - European Journal of Philosophy 29 (2):475-486.
    The role that the desire for self‐worth plays in international relations has become a prominent topic in contemporary political theory. Contemporary accounts are based on the notion of national self‐worth as a function of status; therefore, the desire for national self‐worth is seen as a source of anxiety and conflict over status. By contrast, according to Christian Wolff, there exists a duty to take care that both one's own and other political communities deserve to be esteemed. In his view, this (...)
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  8. Anne‐Thérèse de Lambert on Aging and Self‐Esteem.Andreas Blank - 2018 - Hypatia 33 (2):289-304.
    This article studies Madame de Lambert's early eighteenth-century views on aging, and especially the aging of women, by contextualizing them in a twofold way: It understands them as a response to La Rochefoucauld's skepticism concerning aging, women, and the aging of women; It understands them as being closely connected to a long series of scattered remarks concerning esteem, self-esteem, and honnêteté in Lambert's moral essays. Whereas La Rochefoucauld describes aging as a decline of intellectual, emotional, and physical powers and is (...)
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  9.  66
    Simple Esteem and the Method of Commonplaces in Pufendorf.Andreas Blank - 2024 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy:1-22.
    In his discussion of simple esteem—one of the moral entities meant to regulate human actions—Pufendorf invokes a juridical commonplace: the rule that, before evidence to the contrary, we should presume others to be good. This argumentative strategy is an illuminating example for understanding his method of commonplaces. The present paper has three goals: (1) to analyze how Pufendorf adopted from legal humanism the view that presumptions should be based on considerations of what comes about most easily in nature; (2) to (...)
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  10.  66
    The Presumption of Goodness and the Controversy over Christian Wolff’s Cosmopolitanism.Andreas Blank - 2024 - In Tinca Prunea-Bretonnet & Christian Leduc (eds.), Debates, controversies, and prizes: philosophy in the German Enlightenment. London: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 11-30.
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  11. Mary Astell on Flattery and Self-Esteem.Andreas Blank - 2015 - The Monist 98 (1):53-63.
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  12. Sennert and Leibniz on Animate Atoms.Andreas Blank - 2011 - In J. E. H. Smith & Ohad Nachtomy (eds.), Machines of Nature and Corporeal Substances in Leibniz. Springer. pp. 115-130.
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  13. Mably on Esteem, Republicanism, and the Question of Human Corruption.Andreas Blank - 2021 - Journal of Modern Philosophy 3 (1):5.
    Gabriel Bonnot de Mably takes up the republican commonplace that the desire for esteem is what could motivate the fulfilment of duties of civic virtue. This commonplace, however, has become problematic through the discussion of the problem of human corruption in philosophers such as Blaise Pascal and Nicolas Malebranche. In this article, I will show that Mably takes this problem seriously. However, his critique of Malebranche’s solution to this problem and his critique of the economic reinterpretation of Malebranche’s concept of (...)
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  14. Helvétius's challenge: Moral luck, political constitutions, and the economy of esteem.Andreas Blank - 2019 - European Journal of Philosophy 28 (2):337-349.
    This article explores a historical challenge for contemporary accounts of the role that the desire of being esteemed can play in exercising social control. According to Geoffrey Brennan and Philip Pettit, the economy of esteem normally has two aspects: it is supportive of virtuous action and it occurs spontaneously. The analysis of esteem presented by the 18th‐century materialist Claude‐Adrien Helvétius challenges the intuition that these two aspects go together unproblematically. This is so because, in Helvétius's view, the desire for esteem (...)
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  15.  44
    Präsumptionen und kosmopolitische Bürgerpflichten bei Wolff und Kahrel.Andreas Blank - 2024 - In Sonja Schierbaum & Dietrich Schotte (eds.), Untertan, Staatsbürger, Mensch. . Beiträge zur Kritik und Rechtfertigung bürgerlicher Rechte in der deutschen Aufklärung. Basel: Schwabe. pp. 61-83.
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  16. Aquinas and Soto on Derogatory Judgement and Noncomparative Justice.Andreas Blank - 2012 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 29 (4):411-427.
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  17. Sixteenth-Century Pharmacology and the Controversy between Reductionism and Emergentism.Andreas Blank - 2018 - Perspectives on Science 26 (2):157-184.
    Sixteenth century pharmacology was still very much under the influence of a distinction going back to ancient medicine: the distinction between effects of medicaments that were taken to be explainable by the elementary qualities, their mutual modification in mixture, and the combination of these modified elementary qualities on the one hand, and the effects of medicaments that were taken not to be explicable in this manner.1 Galen coined the expression that a medicament of the latter kind possesses the capacity of (...)
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  18. D’Holbach on (Dis-)Esteeming Talent.Andreas Blank - 2020 - Journal of Modern Philosophy 2 (1):10.
    Rousseau argues that holding the talented in high public esteem leads the less talented to esteem their natural virtues less highly and therefore to neglect the cultivation of these virtues. D’Holbach’s response to Rousseau indicates a sense in which esteeming talent can avoid these detrimental consequences. The starting point of d’Holbach’s defense of the sciences and arts is an analysis of the impact that despotic regimes have on esteeming talent. He argues that there is not only a problem of over-valuing (...)
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  19. D’Holbach on self-esteem and the moral economy of oppression.Andreas Blank - 2017 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 25 (6):1116-1137.
    Recently, the idea that our desire for the esteem of others could function as a regulative principle of social life has been criticized because the economy of esteem could reinforce oppressive structures due to expressions of mutual esteem within oppressing groups with deviant group norms. This article discusses this problem from a historical point of view, focusing on the moral and political writings of the eighteenth-century French materialist Paul Thiry d’Holbach. D’Holbach’s thoughts are relevant in two respects: For situations of (...)
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  20. Common usage, presumption and verisimilitude in sixteenth-century theories of juridical interpretation.Andreas Blank - 2017 - History of European Ideas 43 (5):401-415.
    ABSTRACTThe question of how common usage could be constitutive for the meaning of linguistic expressions has been discussed by Renaissance philosophers such as Lorenzo Valla, and it also played an important role in Renaissance theories of juridical interpretation. An aspect of the analysis of common usage in Renaissance theories of juridical interpretation that concerns the role of presumption has not yet found much attention. Renaissance jurists such as Simone de Praetis, Nicolaus Everardus, and Aimone de Cravetta saw that both the (...)
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  21. D’Holbach on Self-Esteem, Justice, and Cosmopolitanism.Andreas Blank - 2016 - Eighteenth-Century Studies 49 (4):439-453.
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  22. Nicolaus Taurellus on Forms and Elements.Andreas Blank - 2014 - Science in Context 27 (4):659-682.
    ArgumentThis article examines the conception of elements in the natural philosophy of Nicolaus Taurellus (1547–1606) and explores the theological motivation that stands behind this conception. By some of his early modern readers, Taurellus may have been understood as a proponent of material atoms. By contrast, I argue that considerations concerning the substantiality of the ultimate constituents of composites led Taurellus to an immaterialist ontology, according to which elements are immaterial forms that possess active and passive potencies as well as motion (...)
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  23. Wittgenstein on Aspect Blindness and Meaning Blindness.Ohad Nachtomy & Andreas Blank - 2015 - Iyyun 64 (1):57-76.
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  24. Fortunio Liceti on Mind, Light, and Immaterial Extension.Andreas Blank - 2013 - Perspectives on Science 21 (3):358-378.
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  25. Domingo de Soto on Doubts, Presumptions, and Noncomparative Justice.Andreas Blank - 2015 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 32 (1):1-18.
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  26. The Morality of Self-Acceptance. La Rochefoucauld and the Augustinian Challenge.Andreas Blank - 2023 - Early Modern French Studies 45 (1):131-149.
    This article argues that the reception of Augustinian ideas in Pascal and Nicole can be used to clarify what is distinctive in La Rochefoucauld’s treatment of self-relations. La Rochefoucauld does not share the Augustinian dichotomy between self-love at the price of forgetting God and love of God at the price of self-contempt that is prominent in both Pascal and Nicole. Rather, La Rochefoucauld develops a conception of an attitude towards the self that could be described as self-acceptance. As he describes (...)
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  27. Zabarella and the Early Leibniz on the Diachronic Identity of Living Beings.Andreas Blank - 2015 - Studia Leibnitiana 47 (1):86-102.
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  28. Julius Caesar Scaliger on corpuscles and the vacuum.Andreas Blank - 2008 - Perspectives on Science 16 (2):pp. 137-159.
    This paper investigates the relationship between some corpuscularian and Aristotelian strands that run through the thought of the sixteenth-century philosopher and physician Julius Caesar Scaliger. Scaliger often uses the concepts of corpuscles, pores, and vacuum. At the same time, he also describes mixture as involving the fusion of particles into a continuous body. The paper explores how Scaliger’s combination of corpuscularian and non-corpuscularian views is shaped, in substantial aspects, by his response to the views on corpuscles and the vacuum in (...)
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  29. Complaisance and the Question of Autonomy in the French Women Moralists, 1650–1710.Andreas Blank - 2018 - In Sandrine Berges & Alberto L. Siani (eds.), Women Philosophers on Autonomy: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives. New York: Routledge. pp. 43–60.
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  30. Material souls and imagination in Late Aristotelian embryology.Andreas Blank - 2010 - Annals of Science 67 (2):187-204.
    Summary This article explores some continuities between Late Aristotelian and Cartesian embryology. In particular, it argues that there is an interesting consilience between some accounts of the role of imagination in trait acquisition in Late Aristotelian and Cartesian embryology. Evidence for this thesis is presented using the extensive biological writings of the Padua-based philosopher and physician, Fortunio Liceti (1577–1657). Like the Cartesian physiologists, Liceti believed that animal souls are material beings and that acts of imagination result in material images that (...)
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  31. Instrumental causes and the natural origin of souls in Antonio Ponce Santacruz's theory of animal generation.Andreas Blank - 2019 - Annals of Science 76 (2):184-209.
    ABSTRACT This article studies the theory of animal seeds as purely material entities in the early seventeenth-century medical writings of Antonio Ponce Santacruz, royal physician to the Spanish king Philipp IV. Santacruz adopts the theory of the eduction of substantial forms from the potentiality of matter, according to which new kinds of causal powers can arise out of material composites of a certain complexity. Santacruz stands out among the late Aristotelian defenders of eduction theory because he applies the concept of (...)
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  32. Julius Caesar Scaliger on Plants, Species, and the Ordained Power of God.Andreas Blank - 2012 - Science in Context 25 (4):503-523.
    ArgumentThe sixteenth-century physician and philosopher Julius Caesar Scaliger suggests that in particular cases plants can come into being that belong to a plant species that did not exist before. At the same time, he holds that God could not have created a more perfect world. However, does the occurrence of new species not imply that the world was not the best possible world from the beginning? In this article, I explore a set of metaphysical ideas that could provide Scaliger with (...)
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  33. Daniel Sennert and the Late Aristotelian Controversy over the Natural Origin of Animal Souls.Andreas Blank - 2016 - In Animals: New Essays. Munich: Philosophia. pp. 75-99.
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  34. Striving Possibles and Leibniz’s Cognitivist Theory of Volition.Andreas Blank - 2016 - Journal of Early Modern Studies 5 (2):29-52.
    Leibniz’s claim that possibles strive towards existence has led to diverging interpretations. According to the metaphorical interpretation, only the divine will is causally efficacious in bringing possibles into exisence. According to the literal interpretation, God endows possibles with causal powers of their own. The present article suggests a solution to this interpretative impass by suggesting that the doctrine of the striving possibles can be understood as a consequence of Leibniz’s early cognitivist theory of volition. According to this theory, thinking the (...)
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  35. The Analysis of Reflection and Leibniz’s Early Response to Spinoza.Andreas Blank - 2009 - In Mark Kulstad, Mogens Laerke & David Snyder (eds.), The philosophy of the young Leibniz. Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 161-175.
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  36. Existential Dependence and the Question of Emanative Causation in Protestant Metaphysics, 1570–1620.Andreas Blank - 2009 - Intellectual History Review 19 (1):1-13.
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  37. (1 other version)Self-Deception and Illusions of Esteem: Contextualizing Du Châtelet’s Challenge.Andreas Blank - 2022 - In Ruth Edith Hagengruber (ed.), Époque Émilienne. Philosophy, Science and Culture in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet. pp. 391-410.
    This article discusses Du Châtelet’s challenging claim that entertaining illusions, especially illusions of being esteemed by posterity, is conducive to happiness. It does so by taking a contextualizing approach, contrasting her views with some Epicurean aspects of the views on illusions and happiness in Bernard de Fontenelle and Julien Offray de La Mettrie. I will argue for three claims: (1) Du Châtelet’s comparison between self-related illusions and illusions in the theater is vulnerable to objections deriving from some distinctions that Fontenelle’s (...)
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  38. Reflexion und Leibniz’ Theorie der Gerechtigkeit.Andreas Blank - 2005 - In Otto Neumaier (ed.), Gerechtigkeit: Auf der Suche nach einem Gleichgewicht. De Gruyter. pp. 299-316.
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  39. Justice and the Eclecticism of Protestant Ethics, 1580-1610.Andreas Blank - 2008 - Studia Leibnitiana 40 (2):223 - 238.
    Theorien von Gerechtigkeit als einer ethischen Tugend spielen eine große Rolle in der protestantischen Ethik vor dem Dreißigjährigen Krieg. Eines der hervorstechenden Merkmale dieser Theorien ist ihr eklektischer Charakter: Sie verbinden Elemente aus verschiedenen Traditionen der antiken Tugendethik, vor allem der platonischen, aristotelischen und stoischen. Die Gerechtigkeitstheorien von protestantischen Philosophen wie Rudolph Goclenius, Clemens Timpler und Bartholomäus Keckermann illustrieren gut dokumentierte Merkmale des frühneuzeitlichen Eklektizismus wie die Rolle der Reinterpretation von ausgewählten Lehrstücken und die konziliatorische Strategie, scheinbare Widersprüche zwischen verschiedenen (...)
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  40. Composite Substance, Common Notions, and Kenelm Digby's Theory of Animal Generation.Andreas Blank - 2007 - Science in Context 20 (1):1.
    This paper argues for two claims. (1) In his biological views, Kenelm Digby tries to reconcile aspects of an Aristotelian theory of composite substance with early modern corpuscularianism. (2) From a methodological point of view, he uses the Stoic-Epicurean epistemology of common notions in order to show the adequacy of his conciliatory approach. The first claim is substantiated by an analysis of Digby’s views on the role of mixture and homogeneity in the process of animal generation. The second claim is (...)
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  41. Julius Caesar Scaliger.Andreas Blank - 2018 - Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy.
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  42.  70
    Leibniz, Spinoza y el Intelecto Agente.Andreas Blank - 2014 - In Leticia Cabanas and Oscar M. Esquisabel (ed.), Leibniz frente a Spinoza. Una interpretacíon panorámica. Editorial Comares. pp. 225–238.
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  43. Leibniz on Usucaption, Presumption, and International Justice.Andreas Blank - 2011 - Studia Leibnitiana 43 (1):70-86.
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  44. Leibniz: sobre las presunciones y la simplicidad cognitiva.Andreas Blank - 2020 - Tópicos: Revista de Filosofía 39 (1):149–176.
    Este artículo examina el rol del concepto de simplicidad cognitiva en la perspectiva de Leibniz sobre las presunciones. El tratamiento de Leibniz acerca de la conexión entre simplicidad y presunción puede aportar algo significativo a los enfoques contemporáneos sobre la plausibilidad de las presunciones. Esto se explica porque, a diferencia de los enfoques contemporáneos centrados en el lado pragmático de la simplicidad cognitiva, Leibniz ha procurado basarla en aquello que ocurre con mayor facilidad en la realidad. El filósofo se apoya (...)
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  45. Antonio Ponce de Santacruz on Nutrition and the Question of Emergence.Andreas Blank - 2020 - In Giouli Korobili & Roberto Lo Presti (eds.), Nutrition and Nutritive Soul in Aristotle and Aristotelianism. Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 355-378.
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  46. Julius Caesar Scaliger on Plant Generation and the Question of Species Constancy.Andreas Blank - 2010 - Early Science and Medicine 15 (2):266-286.
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  47. The morality of the desire for esteem: Gassendi and the Augustinian challenge.Andreas Blank - 2021 - History of European Ideas 47 (8):1228-1242.
    ABSTRACT Pierre Gassendi (1592–1655) has not been perceived as one of the early modern philosophers who had something interesting to say about the role of the desire for esteem in social life and the moral duties connected with this desire. Nevertheless, in his Animadversiones in decimum librum Diogenis Laertii (1649) there are some scattered, but interrelated remarks about how the desire for esteem could be supportive of civic virtue. These remarks were written during the years when Jansenism became a considerable (...)
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  48. Metaphilosophie und das Prinzip des Widerspruchs: Leibniz, Wolff und Du Châtelet.Andreas Blank - 2019 - In Ruth Hagengruber & Hartmut Hecht (eds.), Emilie du Châtelet Und Die Deutsche Aufklärung. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. pp. 79-98.
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  49. Confessionalization and Natural Philosophy.Andreas Blank - 2021 - In David Marshall Miller & Dana Jalobeanu (eds.), The Cambridge History of Philosophy of the Scientific Revolution. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. pp. 111-127.
    This chapter addresses prominent considerations both for and against the confessionalization thesis—the view that theological contents specific to the Catholic, Lutheran, and Reformed creeds had an influence on the theoretical contents of early modern natural philosophy. In this article, I present four case studies that indicate some senses in which the confessionalization thesis seems to be well-founded, as well as some senses in which existing criticisms seem to be persuasive. Some of the source materials point to the conclusion that one (...)
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  50.  59
    Protestant Hermeneutics and the Persistence of Moral Meanings in Early Modern Natural Histories.Andreas Blank - 2024 - Perspectives on Science 32 (5):554-584.
    Peter Harrison explains the disappearance of symbolic meanings of animals from seventeenth-century works in natural history through what he calls the “literalist mentality of the reformers.” By contrast, the present article argues in favor of a different understanding of the connection between hermeneutics and Protestant natural history. Martin Luther, Philipp Melanchthon, Johannes Brenz, Johannes Oecolampadius, and Jean Calvin continued to assign moral meanings to natural particulars, and moral interpretations can still be found in the writings of Protestant naturalists such as (...)
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