Agriculture is very important to human continued existence and remains a key driver of many economies worldwide, especially in underdeveloped and developing economies. There is an increasing demand for food and cash crops, due to the increasing in world population and the challenges enforced by climate modifications, there is an urgent need to increase plant production while reducing costs. Preceding instrument vision methods established for selective weeding have confronted with major challenges for trustworthy and precise weed recognition. In this paper, (...) plant seedlings classification approach is presented with a dataset that contains approximately 5,000 images with 960 unique plants that belong to 12 species at a few developing phases. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithms, a deep learning technique extensively applied to image recognition was used, for this task. The results found that CNN-driven seedling classification applications when used in farming automation have the latent to enhance crop harvest and improve output and productivity when designed properly. The trained model achieved an accuracy of 99.48% on a held-out test set, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach. (shrink)

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms generally come on slowly over time. Early in the disease, the most obvious are shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, and difficulty with walking. Doctors do not know what causes it and finds difficulty in early diagnosing the presence of Parkinson’s disease. An artificial neural network system with back propagation algorithm is presented in this paper for helping doctors in identifying (...) PD. Previous research with regards to predict the presence of the PD has shown accuracy rates up to 93% [1]; however, accuracy of prediction for small classes is reduced. The proposed design of the neural network system causes a significant increase of robustness. It is also has shown that networks recognition rates reached 100%. (shrink)

This research aims to identify the use of decision support systems as an entry point for operations of re-engineering in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip. The researchers used the method of questionnaire to collect data, and the researchers used a sample stratified random way, were (350) questionnaire distributed on the research sample and (312) questionnaire were collected back (89.1%). The study results showed that the most important ones are: there exists statistically significant impact at the level of significance (α (...) ≤ 0.05) for physical requirements, human requirements. technical requirements and regulatory requirements. The results showed also, the presence of statistically significant differences between the averages of the study sample estimates on the use of decision support systems as an entry point for operations of re-engineering in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip due to the variable sex in favor of males requirements. Furthermore, the results showed the existence of differences to the variable name of the university and each area of study for the benefit of the Islamic University then Al-Azhar University and then Al-Aqsa University. The study also concluded a series of recommendations including: encourage Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip, which are planning to re-engine Information Systems to start implementing the programs in the radical change as soon as possible. The need for the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip, to develop the infrastructure for information technology in general, and decision support systems, in particular, when doing re-engineering operations. And the need for a separate unit of decision support systems and organizational structure to allow information to flow seamlessly between colleges and various departments and divisions. And investment of available information in building the capacities of integration techniques, in order to enable them to continue with the re-engineering of Information Systems. (shrink)

Infants and children are suffering from a lots of nausea and vomiting problems. Doctors, usually face various difficulties dealing with these problems because of their similarities. In this paper, we present an expert system to help users in getting the correct diagnosis of problems of nausea and vomiting in infants and children (Gastro-esophageal reflux, Gastroenteritis, Systemic Infection, Bowel obstruction, Tumors, A bleeding disease, tonsillitis, and Hepatitis pharynx). Furthermore, this expert system provide information about the disease and how to deal with (...) it. SL5 Object expert system language was used to design and implement this expert system. (shrink)

Abstract: Tumor is a group of diseases that involve abnormal increases in the number of cells, with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors or lumps are cancerous; benign tumors are not classified as being cancer because they do not spread to other parts of the body. There are over 100 different known Tumors that affect humans. Tumors are often described by the body part that they originated in. However, some body parts (...) contain multiple types of tissue, so for greater precision, tumors are additionally classified by the type of cell that the tumor cells originated from. The aim of this study is to propose an Artificial Neural Network model for the classification of tumor types. Some of important features in the classification of the tumors are age, sex, histologic-type, degree-of-diffe, status of bone, bone-marrow, lung, pleura, peritoneum, liver, brain, skin, neck, supraclavicular, axillar, mediastinum, and abdominal. They were used as input variables for the ANN model. A model based on the Multilayer Perceptron topology was created and trained using “primary tumor” dataset which was collected from the University Medical Centre, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Evaluation of the ANN model showed that the ANN model is able to correctly classify the tumor type with 79.65 % accuracy rate. (shrink)

Abstract: The effectiveness of cancer prediction system helps the people to know their cancer risk with low cost and it also helps the people to take the appropriate decision based on their cancer risk status. The dataset is collected from the data world website. In this paper, we proposed an Artificial Neural Network for detecting whether lung cancer is found or not in human body. Symptoms were used to diagnose the lung cancer, these symptoms such as Yellow fingers, Anxiety, Chronic (...) Disease, Fatigue, Allergy, Wheezing, Coughing, Shortness of Breath, Swallowing Difficulty and Chest pain. They were used and other information about the patient as input variables for the proposed ANN model. The proposed model was trained, and validated using the lung cancer dataset. The proposed model was evaluated and tested. The accuracy rate it gave us was 99.01 %. (shrink)

This work presents the design of an expert system that aims to provide the patient with background for suitable diagnosis of some of the eye diseases. The eye has always been viewed as a tunnel to the inner workings of the body. There are many disease states that may produce symptoms from the eye. CLIPS language is used as a tool for designing our expert system. An initial evaluation of the expert system was carried out and a positive feedback was (...) received from the users. (shrink)

A lot of infants have significant food-related problems, as well as spitting up, rejecting new foods, or not accepting to eat at specific times. These issues are frequently ordinary and are not a sign that the baby is unwell. According to the National Institutes of Health, 25% of generally developing infants and 35% of babies with neurodevelopmental disabilities are tormented by some sort of feeding problem. Some, for example rejecting to eat specific foods or being overly finicky, are momentary and (...) don’t cause any health dangers. This paper proposes an expert system that can be used to successfully diagnose Feeding problems in infants and children. The suggested systems were found to be beneficial approach in addition to existing impartial ones. So far as the authors are aware, this is the initial effort of using an expert system in attaining good performance in a real world application. This expert system was designed and implemented to help parents diagnose these problems and get a recommendation of how to deal with infants and children. (shrink)

The study aimed to identify entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in Gaza Strip. The researchers used the analytical descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the study. The study community consists of 92 of the pilot projects benefiting from the three incubators in Gaza Strip (the Palestinian Information Technology Incubator, the Technology Incubator, the Business Incubator and Technology). The researchers used the comprehensive inventory method. To answer the study questions and to examine their hypotheses, the arithmetical averages, the standard deviation, the T (...) test and the analysis of the mono-variance were used followed by a quiz test. The problem of the study in the main question: What is the reality of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in Gaza Strip. The study found a number of results, the most important of which are: Men are more oriented towards entrepreneurship than females. And that scientific qualification does not affect entrepreneurship. And many are looking for entrepreneurs who do not have practical experience in the labor market, but are subject to training courses through the business incubator. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend stimulating male entrepreneurship and promoting it in females. And to design training programs to refine entrepreneurial skills. And the need to add the course of entrepreneurship in the majority of university disciplines. (shrink)

Recently there is an increasing technological development in intelligent tutoring systems. This field has become interesting to many researchers. In this paper, we present an intelligent tutoring system for teaching information security. This intelligent tutoring systems target the students enrolled in Advanced Topics in Information Security in the faculty of Engineering and Information Technology at Al-Azhar University in Gaza. Through which the student will be able to study the course and solve related problems. An evaluation of the intelligent tutoring systems (...) was carried out and the results were promising. (shrink)

The papaya is a plant that grows in tropical climates and also known as pawpaws or papaws, it has many health benefits like reducing risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, aiding in digestion, improving blood glucose control in people with diabetes, lowering blood pressure, and improving wound healing. With these big health benefits and with taken into consideration that it’s available at most times of the year. The farmers have to take care of this plant. Because of that we developed (...) an expert system to help farmers and people interested in growing papaya to identify the diseases of papaya then they can find the right cure to treat the plant. The expert system was developed using CLIPS and Delphi languages and has been experimented by farmers and people interested in growing papaya and has given satisfactory results. (shrink)

The study aimed to determine the proactive flexibility and it's Impact on Improving the Quality of Services in non-governmental hospitals, from the viewpoint of the internal beneficiaries of non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach, and the questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data, and the researchers used the comprehensive survey method, and the number of the study population was (536) single, where (434) questionnaires were retrieved, and the recovery rate was (...) (80.97%). The study showed many results, the most important of which were: the presence of a moderate degree of approval by the study sample on anticipatory flexibility, as it obtained an approval percentage with a relative weight of (59.49%). The results of the study indicated a high degree of approval by the study sample regarding the Improving the Quality of Services. As it became evident that the Improving the Quality of Services field obtained a relative weight (79.90%). The results of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between anticipatory flexibility and the Improving the Quality of Services in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip, with a correlation coefficient of 0.459. The results of the study also revealed a statistically significant impact of response flexibility on the Improving the Quality of Services in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study reached many recommendations, the most important of which were: the need to work on appointing young people and those with potentials, because jobs are vacant in the hospitals under study, and the need to seek the help of an administrative staff with scientific and practical qualifications, and to work on updating information systems, archiving and networks through which data and information are transferred between departments And to create mechanisms by which stored information can be used to enhance the decision-making process, and to establish an effective system to receive patients' complaints in a manner that ensures rapid response and treatment, to achieve continuous communication between patients and the hospital administration, and to notify patients of dealing with the complaints they submit, and work to provide all Medical and health specialties in the hospitals under study, by making use of the medical delegations that visit Gaza Strip, involving them in the treatment processes, bringing in doctors and specialists from abroad, updating the standards related to measuring the services provided to patients on an ongoing basis, based on the suggestions and complaints of patients, and developing facilities in hospitals As well as updating the medical devices and equipment used in hospitals periodically. (shrink)

The establishment of the transport infrastructure is usually preceded by an EIA procedure, which should determine amphibian breeding sites and migration routes. However, evaluation is very difficult due to the large number of habitats spread over a vast area and the limited time available for field work. An artificial Neural Network (ANN) is proposed for predicting the presence of amphibians species near the water reservoirs based on features obtained from GIS systems and satellite images. The dataset collected from UCI Machine (...) Learning repository. The dataset is a multi-label classification problem. The goal of this study is to predict the presence of amphibians species near the water reservoirs based on features obtained from GIS systems and satellite images. After preprocessing the data, the proposed model was trained and evaluated. The accuracy of the proposed model for predicting the presence of amphibian’s species was 100%. (shrink)

: Our eyesight is one of your most important senses: 80% of what we perceive comes through our sense of sight. By protecting your eyes, you will reduce the odds of blindness and vision loss, one of things that may cause vision loss is Uveitis. Uveitis is a form of eye inflammation. It affects the middle layer of tissue in the eye wall (uvea). Uveitis (u-vee-I-tis) warning signs often come on suddenly and get worse quickly. They include eye redness, pain (...) and blurred vision. The condition can affect one or both eyes. It primarily affects people ages 20 to 50, but it may also affect children. Possible causes of uveitis are infection, injury, or an autoimmune or inflammatory disease. Many times a cause can't be identified. Uveitis can be serious, leading to permanent vision loss. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent the complications of uveitis. Because of that we designed an expert system to help people to know if they got Uveitis early after that they can get treatment and they will save their eyes. (shrink)

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the quality of services and its role in enhancing strategic flexibility, from the point of view of the internal beneficiary in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach, and the questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data and consisted of (39) items, and the researchers used the comprehensive survey method, and the number of the study population was (536) individuals, where (434) questionnaires were retrieved, and (...) the recovery rate was (80.97%). The study revealed many results, the most important of which were: the existence of a high degree of approval by the study sample regarding the quality of services, as it was evident through the field of service quality obtaining a relative weight (79.90%), and the results of the study indicated that there is a moderate degree of approval by the members of the study sample. On the strategic flexibility, as it was evident by obtaining the area of strategic flexibility as a whole on a relative weight (60.44%). The results of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between the quality of services and the strategic flexibility in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip, with a correlation coefficient of 0.490). The results of the study also revealed a statistically significant effect of the quality of services on the strategic flexibility in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study reached many recommendations, the most important of which were: Establishing an effective system to receive patients' complaints in a manner that ensures rapid response and treatment, to achieve continuous communication between patients and the hospital administration, to notify patients of dealing with the complaints they submit, and to work to provide all medical and health specialties in hospitals in place. The study, by making use of medical delegations visiting Gaza Strip, involving them in therapeutic operations, bringing in doctors and specialists from abroad, updating the criteria for measuring services provided to patients on an ongoing basis, based on patients' suggestions and complaints, developing facilities in hospitals, as well as updating medical devices and equipment Used in hospitals periodically and the need to work on appointing young people and people of energy, for vacancies in the hospitals under study, and the need to seek the help of an administrative staff that is distinguished by scientific and practical qualifications, and to work on updating information systems, archiving and networks through which data and information are transferred between departments, and finding mechanisms to be done from During which the information stored can be used to enhance the decision-making process. (shrink)

The study aimed at identifying responsive flexibility and its role in improving service quality, from the point of view of the internal beneficiary in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach, and the questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data, and the researchers used the comprehensive survey method, and the number of the study population was (536) single, where (434) questionnaires were retrieved, and the recovery rate was (80.97%). The study showed (...) many results, the most important of which were: The presence of moderate degree of approval by the study sample on the responsive flexibility, as it was evident through the response flexibility field obtaining a relative weight (60.50%), and the results of the study indicated that there is a high degree of approval by the members of the study sample. On the quality of service, as it was evident through the field of service quality obtaining a relative weight (79.90%). The results of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between responsive flexibility and service quality in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip, with a correlation coefficient of 0.418, and the results of the study revealed a statistically significant effect between responsive flexibility and service quality in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study reached many recommendations, the most important of which were: Finding mechanisms by which stored information can be used to enhance the decision-making process, and setting up an effective system to receive patients' complaints in a manner that ensures rapid response and treatment, to achieve continuous communication between patients and the hospital management, and to notify patients of abuse With the complaints that they submit, and working to provide all medical and health specialties in the hospitals under study, by making use of the medical delegations that visit Gaza Strip, involving them in the treatment processes, bringing in doctors and specialists from abroad, and updating the standards related to measuring the services provided to patients continuously, based on On patients' suggestions and complaints, developing facilities in hospitals, as well as updating medical devices and equipment used in hospitals periodically. (shrink)

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the strategic flexibility and its relationship to the level of quality of services provided, from the viewpoint of the internal beneficiary in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach, and the questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data and consisted of (39) items, and the researchers used the comprehensive survey method, and the number of the study population was (536) individuals, where (434) questionnaires were retrieved, (...) and the recovery rate was (80.97%). The study revealed many results, the most important of which were: the existence of a moderate degree of approval by the study sample individuals on strategic flexibility, as it was evident through the area of strategic flexibility as a whole having a relative weight (60.44%). The study is on the quality of services, as it became clear through the field of service quality obtaining a relative weight (79.90%). The results of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between strategic flexibility and the quality of services in non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip, with a correlation coefficient of 0.490. The study reached many recommendations, the most important of which were: the need to work on appointing young people and those with potentials, because jobs are vacant in the hospitals under study, and the need to seek the help of an administrative staff with scientific and practical qualifications, and to work on updating information systems, archiving and networks through which data and information are transferred between departments And the creation of mechanisms by which stored information can be used to enhance the decision-making process, and an effective system to receive patients' complaints in a manner that ensures rapid response and treatment, to achieve continuous communication between patients and the hospital management, and to notify patients of dealing with the complaints they submit, and work to provide all Medical and health specialties in the hospitals under study, by making use of the medical delegations that visit Gaza Strip, involving them in the treatment processes, bringing in doctors and specialists from abroad, updating the standards related to measuring the services provided to patients on an ongoing basis, based on the suggestions and complaints of patients, and developing facilities in hospitals As well as updating the medical devices and equipment used in hospitals periodically. (shrink)

Abstract: During the course of this research, imposing the training of an artificial neural network to predicate the MPG rate for present thru forthcoming automobiles in the foremost relatively accurate evaluation for the approximated number which foresight the actual number to help through later design and manufacturing of later automobile, by training the ANN to accustom to the relationship between the skewing of each later stated attributes, the set of mathematical combination of the sequences that could be excavate the Miles (...) Per Gallon(MPG) by the system and using both the Gradient Descent Algorithm and the Normalized Square Error Technique explicitly lure the Final Parameter Norm and Scaling layer and Bounded Layering rules implicitly. And so on the system should be able to produce immune approximations `and calculations to make better of results of What the Actual output estimation. (shrink)

Abalones have long been a valuable food source for humans in every area of the world where a species is abundant. Predicting the age of abalone is done using physical measurements. The age of abalone is determined by cutting the shell through the cone, staining it, and counting the number of rings through a microscope -- a boring and time-consuming task. Other measurements, which are easier to obtain, are used to predict the age of abalone is using Artificial Neural Network (...) (ANN) which is a branch of Artificial Intelligence. The dataset was collected form UCI Machine learning Repository. To predict the age of abalone using physical measurements, an ANN with multi-layer model using JustNN (JNN) tool is proposed. The proposed model was trained and tested and the accuracy was obtained. The best accuracy rate was 92.22%. (shrink)

Associations can grow, succeed, and sustain if their employees are committed. The main assets of an association are those employees who are giving it a required number of hours per month, in other words, those employees who are punctual towards their attendance. Absenteeism from work is a multibillion-dollar problem, and it costs money and decreases revenue. At the time of hiring an employee, Associations do not have an objective mechanism to predict whether an employee will be punctual towards attendance or (...) will be habitually absent. For some Associations, it can be very difficult to deal with those employees who are not punctual, as firing may be either not possible or it may have a huge cost to the association. In this paper, we propose An Artificial Neural Networks algorithm that can predict the behavior of employees towards punctuality at workplace. The efficacy of the proposed method is tested with traditional machine learning techniques, and the results indicate 99.00% accuracy. The proposed model will provide a useful mechanism to associations that are interested to know the behavior of employees at the time of hiring and can reduce the cost of paying to inefficient or habitually absent employees. (shrink)

To automate examination of massive amounts of sequence data for biological function, it is important to computerize interpretation based on empirical knowledge of sequence-function relationships. For this purpose, we have been constructing an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) by organizing various experimental and computational observations as a collection ANN models. Here we propose an ANN model which utilizes the Dataset for UCI Machine Learning Repository, for predicting localization sites of proteins. We collected data for 336 proteins with known localization sites and (...) divided them into training data and validating data. It was found that the accuracy rate for predicting Protein Localization Sites in Cells is 92.11%. This Indicates that Artificial Neural Network approach is powerful and flexible enough to be used in Protein Localization Sites prediction. (shrink)

In this paper an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model, was developed and tested for diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A dataset collected from ASD screening app was used in this paper, it contains ASD tests results based upon questions answers from users. Test data evaluation shows that the ANN model is able to correctly diagnose ASD with 100% accuracy.

Background: The occurrence of any disturbance in the seventh facial nerve in the nerves of the brain called inflammation of the seventh nerve or paralysis in the face of half (Bell's paralysis), where paralysis affects one side of the face, and occurs when the seventh nerve, which controls the muscles of the face loses the patient control of the facial muscles on The side of inflammation is the seventh nerve because it controls the muscles on both sides of the face (...) that enable us to express the smile, laughter, crying and other facial expressions to any injury that affects the facial expressions of the motor. Objectives: This paper will solve the problems of treatment of seventh nerve inflammation through correct diagnosis and treatment. Methods: In this research, we provide an expert system for the diagnosis of seven nerve inflammation which will help doctors to explore everything related to the problems of seventh nerve inflammation. We look forward to providing simplified answers to seven nerve inflammation. (shrink)

Background: Anemia is a condition that occurs due to a lower concentration of hemoglobin than the normal level (non-pregnant adult females less than 11 g / dL and males younger than 13 g / dL). Because of the low level of hemoglobin, the body's organs suffer from lack of enough oxygen, so patients complain of signs and symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, lack of concentration, lethargy and others. Objectives: The main goal of this expert system is to get the appropriate (...) diagnosis of disease. Methods: In this paper the design of the proposed Expert System which was produced to help Doctor in diagnosing many of the anemia diseases such as : Fatigue, Chest pain, Shortness of breath, Swelling of the body, Pallor of skin. The proposed expert system presents an overview about anemia diseases are given, the cause of diseases are outlined. SL5 Expert System language was used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The proposed anemia diseases diagnosis expert system was evaluated by engineering students. (shrink)

Skin is considered the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the sensations of touch, heat, and cold. For a patient to recover from any illness or weakness that affects the skin, he/she requires an accurate diagnosis of his/her the situation. In this paper will present an expert system that quickly diagnosis patient’s condition and propose a suitable solution (...) for the problem. This expert system is designed and implemented in SL5 Object language. This expert system was tested by a group of physician and found to be a useful tool that aids physicians and patients suffering from skin cancer diseases. (shrink)

Abstract: In this research, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed and validated to predict efficiency of antibiotics in treating various bacteria types. Attributes that were taken in account are: organism name, specimen type, and antibiotic name as input and susceptibility as an output. A model based on one input layer, one hidden layer, and one output layer concept topology was developed and trained using a data from Queensland government's website. The evaluation shows that the proposed ANN model using (...) JNN tool is capable of correctly predicting the susceptibility of organisms to the antibiotics with 94.17% accuracy. (shrink)

Abstract: Breast cancer is reported to be the most common cancer type among women worldwide and it is the second highest women fatality rate amongst all cancer types. Notwithstanding all the progresses made in prevention and early intervention, early prognosis and survival prediction rates are still not sufficient. In this paper, we propose an ANN model which outperforms all the previous supervised learning methods by reaching 99.57 in terms of accuracy in Wisconsin Breast Cancer dataset. Experimental results on Haberman’s Breast (...) Cancer Survival dataset show the superiority of proposed method by reaching 88.24 % in terms of accuracy. The results are the best reported ones obtained from Artificial Neural Network using JNN environment without any preprocessing of the dataset. (shrink)

Abstract: Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described—of which around 1 million are insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from 8.5 micrometres to 33.6 metres. In this paper an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model, was developed and tested to predict animal species. There are a number of features that influence the classification of animal species. Such as the existence of hair/ feather, if the animal gives birth (...) or spawns, it is airborne, aquatic, predator, toothed, backboned, venomous, has –fins, has-tail, cat-sized, and domestic. A model based on the Multilayer Perceptron Topology was proposed and trained, using data set what was collected from UCI Machine Learning Repository. Evaluation of the proposed model shows that the ANN model is able to correctly predict the animal category with 100% accuracy. (shrink)

The Knowledge Based System for Diagnosing Breast Cancer is used to assist medical students to improve their education on diagnosis and counseling the process of analyzing the biopsy image of the microscope, determining the type of tumor and the treatment method for each case and identifying the disease related questions. According to the Ministry of Health in its annual report in Gaza, between 2009 and 2014 there are 7069 cases of breast cancer, and in 2014 there are 1502 cases of (...) breast cancer . We are now in the age of visual information where 65% of the populations are visual learners; the Knowledge Based System is the easiest way to ensure students remember the information in the long term, using visual and textual information. The Knowledge Based System has an easy-to-use interface to help students diagnose the disease and enhance their information about the disease; the system can be used on smart phones. This Knowledge Based System can be divided into three main parts: The first part is specific questions for the patient, to help student to know questions type. The second part is the process of analyzing the biopsy sample image, to see if the biopsy image is intact or infected. The last part is the video shows ways to treat breast cancer in the form of animation. (shrink)

: Crop diseases are a key danger for food security, but their speedy identification still difficult in many portions of the world because of the lack of the essential infrastructure. The mixture of increasing worldwide smartphone dispersion and current advances in computer vision made conceivable by deep learning has cemented the way for smartphone-assisted disease identification. Using a public dataset of 9000 images of infected and healthy Tomato leaves collected under controlled conditions, we trained a deep convolutional neural network to (...) identify 5 diseases. The trained model achieved an accuracy of 99.84% on a held-out test set, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach. Overall, the approach of training deep learning models on increasingly large and publicly available image dataset presents a clear path toward smartphone-assisted crop disease diagnosis on a massive global scale. (shrink)

Abstract- Breast Cancer is mostly identified amongst women and is a main reason for increasing the rate of mortality amongst women. Diagnosis of breast cancer takes time and due to the importance of the topic, it is necessary to develop a system that can automatically diagnose breast cancer in its early stages. Many Machine Learning Algorithms have been used for the detection breast cancer. The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset has been used which contains 699 samples and 10 features. The paper (...) propos an Artificial Neural Network model that is implemented using Just Neural Networks (JNN) using the dataset which is collected from UCI machine learning repository. The proposed model has been trained and validated. The accuracy rate obtained from the proposed ANN model was 99.57%. (shrink)

Background: Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum also called benne. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods or "buns". World production in 2016 was 6.1 million tons, with Tanzania, Myanmar, India, and Sudan as the largest producers. Sesame seed is one of the oldest oil seed crops known, domesticated well over 3000 (...) years ago. Sesamum has many other species, most being wild and native to sub-Saharan Africa. Sesamum indicum, the cultivated type, originated in India and is tolerant to drought-like conditions, growing where other crops fail. Objectives: The main goal of this expert system is to get the appropriate diagnosis of disease and the correct treatment. Methods: In this paper the design of the proposed Expert System which was produced to help Agriculture experts in diagnosing many of the sesame diseases such as: Phyllody, Dry root rot, Phytophthora blight and Alternaria blight. The proposed expert system presents an overview about sesame diseases are given, the cause of diseases are outlined and the treatment of disease whenever possible is given out. CLIPS Expert System and Delphi languages were used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Evaluation: The expert system in the diagnosis of Sesame diseases was assessed by farmers and agricultural engineers and they were satisfied with its quality of performance and ease of use. Conclusions: The Proposed expert system is very useful for Agriculture experts, patients with sesame problems and newly graduated Agricultural students. (shrink)

Abstract: Intelligent assistive devices have the potential of offering innovative solutions for the disabled and for the new generation of senior citizens. ‘e-Tools’ stands for Embedded Tools, as we aim to embed intelligent assistive devices in homes and other facilities, creating ambient intelligence environments to give support to patients and caregivers. In particular, we aim to explore the benefits of the concept of situated intelligence to build intelligent artifacts that will enhance the autonomy of the target group during their daily (...) life, which makes technical advances and social policies critical to attain and preserve normal life by use rehabilitation where the quality of normal life process could be improved great. (shrink)

Background: Citrus, genus of plants belonging to the rue family (Rutaceae), and yielding pulpy fruits covered with fairly thick skins. Economically important plants in this group include the lemon (C. × limon), lime (C. × aurantiifolia), sweet orange (C. × sinensis), sour orange (C. × aurantium), tangerine (C. reticulata), grapefruit (C. x paradisi), citron (C. medica), and shaddock (C. maxima)[1]. Objectives: The main goal of this expert system is to get the appropriate diagnosis of disease and the correct treatment by (...) presenting suggestions on Citrus diseases to the user with pictures to be accurately diagnosed. Methods: in this paper the design of the proposed Expert System which was produced to help farmers in diagnosing many of the Citrus diseases such as Citrus canker, Citrus scab, Citrus tristeza disease, Gummosis, Greening or Huanglongbing, Sooty mould, Powdery mildew and Anthracnose. the proposed expert system presents an overview about Citrus diseases are given, the cause of diseases is outlined and the treatment of disease whenever possible is given out. CLIPS Object Expert System language was used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The proposed Citrus diseases diagnosis expert system was evaluated by agricultural engineers and they were satisfied with its performance. Conclusions: The Proposed expert system is very useful for agricultural engineer, specialists in plant pathology, and researchers on Citrus plant. (shrink)

Background: Wheat is a wild grass belongs to Poaceae (Gramineae), an enormously multipurpose grain. The proteins of the wheat, gliadins and glutenins together referred to as storage prolamines are responsible for viscoelasticity of the dough. Wheat proteins belonging to both the soluble and insoluble fractions can act as allergens and cause allergic symptoms in susceptible individuals. Celiac disease is an auto immune disease characterized by immune mediated enteropathy of proximal small intestine triggered by the ingestion of gluten containing cereals (wheat, (...) barley and rye) in genetically susceptible individuals. The average worldwide prevalence of celiac disease is 1-6%. India confirmed the prevalence rate of 0.3% in adults and 6% in children. The mainstay of the treatment is a strict lifelong adherence to gluten free diet .Objectives: The main objective of this expert system is to assist farmers in detecting wheat diseases and solutions. Methods: In this paper the design of the proposed Expert System which was produced to help farmers in diagnosing many of the wheat The proposed expert system presents an overview about wheat diseases are given, the cause of diseases are outlined and the treatment of disease whenever possible is given out .E-clips Expert System language was used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The proposed wheat diseases diagnosis expert system was evaluated by group of farmers and they were satisfied with its performance. Conclusions: The Proposed expert system is very useful for farmers in diagnosing wheat diseases and treatment it whenever possible is given. (shrink)

Background: Dengue Disease is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. This may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Dengue serology is applied in different settings, such as for surveillance, in health care facilities in endemic areas and in travel clinics in non-endemic areas. The applicability and quality of serological tests in dengue endemic regions has to be judged against a (...) background of potential cross reactivity with other flavi-viruses, difficulties in distinguishing primary from secondary infections and technological problems related to the fact that most dengue endemic regions are relatively poor of resources .Objectives: to help doctors and patients in diagnosing Dengue Disease and give them the information of how to prevent Dengue Disease and to be able to understand the signs and symptoms of Dengue Disease. Methods: We collected all relevant material for Dengue Disease. Then we designed and implemented a knowledge based system for diagnosing Dengue Disease using SL5 Object Language. Results: The knowledge based system was evaluated by a group of Patients and specialized doctors and they found it very friendly and easy to use. (shrink)

The computer science (CS) graduated students suffered from documenting their projects and specially from coordinating it. In addition, students’ supervisors faced difficulties with guiding their students to an efficient process of documenting. In this paper, we will offer a suggestion as a solution to the mentioned problems; that is an application to make the process of documenting computer science (CS) student graduation project easy and time-cost efficient. This solution will decrease the possibility of human mistakes and reduce the effort of (...) documenting process. (shrink)

Background: The castor bean is a large grassy or semi-wooden shrub or small tree. Any part of the castor plant parts can suffering from a disease that weakens the ability to grow and eliminates its production. Therefore, in this paper will identify the pests and diseases present in castor culture and detect the symptoms in each disease. Also images is showing the symptom form in this disease. Objectives: The main objective of this expert system is to obtain appropriate diagnosis of (...) the disease. Methods: In this paper, the expert system is designed for the ability of agricultural engineers to detect and diagnose disease of castor like as: seeding blight, alternaria blight, cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew and wilt. This system presents the disease symptoms, survival and spread, favorable conditions and image for each disease. Clips and Delphi expert system languages are used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The expert system in the diagnosis of castor diseases was assessed by farmers and agricultural engineers and they were satisfied and accepted with its quality of performance. Conclusions: The expert system is easy for farmers and people have experience in the plant of castor to detect and diagnosis the symptoms that may face this plant from several disease. (shrink)

Background: Safflower is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual plant. Any section of the safflower plant sections can suffering from a disease that weakens the ability to grow and eliminates its production. Therefore, in this paper will identify the pests and diseases present in safflower culture and detect the symptoms in each disease. Also images are showing the symptom form in this disease. Objectives: The main objective of this expert system is to obtain appropriate diagnosis of the disease. Methods: In (...) this paper, the expert system is designed for the ability of agricultural engineers to detect and diagnose disease of safflower like as: alternaria blight, cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew, head rot and wilt, mosaic, ramularia leaf spot, rust, wilt, and root rot. This system displays the disease symptoms, survival and spread, favorable conditions and image for each disease. Clips and Delphi expert system languages are used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The expert system in the diagnosis of safflower diseases was evaluated by farmers and agricultural engineers and they were satisfied and accepted with its quality of performance. Conclusions: The expert system is easy for farmers and people have experience in the plant of safflower to detect and diagnosis the symptoms that may face this plant from several disease. (shrink)

Abstract: The research aims to study the reality of mediator competencies, emotional intelligence and case characteristics variables, (UNRWA) Gaza. The research also aims at identifying the differences between respondents as attributed to their professional and personal traits of age, gender, educational level, distribution of department, dispute resolution experience and representation party. The researchers adopted mixed data collection methods; quantitative and qualitative. For qualitative, a semi-structured interview was conducted with (9) officials including management, staff unions and expert external mediators. (63) Questionnaires (...) were distributed to a systematic random sample population; (56) were received, with a response rate 88.9%. The results proved that there are no significant differences among respondents attributed to personal and professional traits of age, academic background, gender, department, years’ of experience, educational degree and representation party. The research has presented some recommendations concerning the factors affecting the mediation outcomes of workplace disputes resolution. The recommendations include: UNRWA should adopt mediation as a method to resolve disputes at workplace instead of following litigation before the courts, as many organizations today increasingly started to adopt mediation as a method to resolve disputes at workplace. This will help decreasing the high cost, non-flexibility, and threatening features of disputes and conflicts resolution before courts, as well as enhance the relationship between disputant parties. Mediators are essentially recommended to attend regular training such as guiding negotiation processes, employing group sessions properly, overcoming obstacles, summarizing & analytical skills and selecting emotional words and phrases, it is also important to encourage the mediation experts' training workshops and meetings. Regular training sessions will not only improve skills and abilities, but will also imply variety and flexibility. This leads to having competent qualified mediators who are able to resolve organization’s workplace disputes in a way, which satisfies the need of disputants. (shrink)

In this paper we describe a Artificial Neural Network model of children's development on the balance scale task. In balance scale experiments, the child is asked to predict the outcome of placing certain numbers of equal weights at various distances to the left or right of a fulcrum. Both stage progressions and information salience effects have been found with children on this task. Artificial Neural Network provided better fits to these human data than did previous models, whether rule-based or connectionist. (...) The ANN network model was used to generate a variety of novel predictions for psychological research. The dataset was collected from UCI Machine learning repository. The model was trained and validated using Just Neural Network Tool. The accuracy rate was 93%. (shrink)

This study aimed to identify the reality of marketing services in Palestine Cellular Communications Company (Jawwal) from the viewpoint of the workers, where the researchers used the descriptive analytical method, through a questionnaire randomly distributed to the sample of workers in Palestine Cellular Communications Company (Jawwal) in Gaza Strip reached (60) employees. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The results showed that there is a high level of efficiency of marketing services in Palestine (...) Cellular Communications Company (Jawwal) with a relative weight (91.63%). The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the efficiency of marketing services according to the gender variable in favor of males. The study made a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: Attention to the use of electronic publishing means to motivate beneficiaries to receive the company's services. Increase the confidence of the beneficiaries in the company's services by offering competitive campaigns that meet the needs of the beneficiaries. (shrink)

Abstract: Purpose - This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the determinants of organizational justice and their relationship to conscientious behavior from the point of view of officers working in the Palestinian police in Gaza Strip. Methodology - The study relied on the descriptive and analytical approach, using the questionnaire, targeting a stratified random sample of (400) officers, who hold the rank of captain and above, from the study population of 1550 officers. The study tool was distributed among the (...) sample members in all departments and governorates. Police in Gaza Strip. (353) questionnaires were retrieved, with a recovery rate of (88.3%). Findings - The existence of a positive correlation between the determinants of organizational justice and the behavior of conscience, and the existence of organizational justice in general in a medium degree and the order of its determinants is as follows: fairness of dealings and to a large degree, followed by fairness of procedures and a medium degree, and finally distribution fairness was to a small degree, while the behavior of conscience awareness came to a large extent. Significance - The existence of statistically significant differences between the respondents' averages of responding to the searched relationship due to the variables (type of administration, age group, job title, military rank, years of service). Recommendations - Work to take into account the fairness of distribution by providing adequate and fair salaries, granting bonuses for the additional efforts exerted, and budgeting in the distribution of duties and job burdens, as well as recommending attention to the interests of employees when making decisions and involving them in formulating them, explaining their justifications, and creating an organizational climate dominated by a sense of justice. (shrink)

Forest fires are a major environmental issue, creating economical and ecological damage while endangering human lives. Fast detection is a key element for controlling such phenomenon. To achieve this, one alternative is to use automatic tools based on local sensors, such as provided by meteorological stations. In effect, meteorological conditions (e.g. temperature, wind) are known to influence forest fires and several fire indexes, such as the forest Fire Weather Index (FWI), use such data. In this work, we explore a Just (...) Neural Network (JNN) approach to predict the burned area of forest fires were tested on recent real-world data collected from the northeast region of Portugal. The best accuracy we achieved was 98.75 percent. Such knowledge is particularly useful for improving firefighting resource management (e.g. prioritizing targets for air tankers and ground crews). (shrink)

In this paper an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was used to help cars dealers recognize the many characteristics of cars, including manufacturers, their location and classification of cars according to several categories including: Buying, Maint, Doors, Persons, Lug_boot, Safety, and Overall. ANN was used in forecasting car acceptability. The results showed that ANN model was able to predict the car acceptability with 99.12 %. The factor of Safety has the most influence on car acceptability evaluation. Comparative study method is (...) suitable for the evaluation of car acceptability forecasting, can also be extended to all other areas. (shrink)

This study aims to identify the efficiency of banking performance in banks from the point of view of their customers in Palestine, where researchers used the descriptive analytical method, through a questionnaire distributed electronically to the sample of the beneficiaries of electronic banking services provided by banks operating in Palestine. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: There is a moderate degree of efficiency of banking performance in banks operating in Palestine from the point (...) of view of beneficiaries, where the total degree of efficiency of banking performance obtained a relative weight of (63.78%). The results also showed that there are no statistically significant differences between banks operating in Palestine according to the bank variable from the beneficiaries' point of view in favor of Bank of Palestine. The study made a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: The need for banks to enhance the use of electronic banking services and upgrade them. Conduct awareness campaigns on the importance of electronic banking services and give appropriate incentives to the beneficiaries who deal with them. Direct customers to use electronic banking services instead of traditional methods. (shrink)

A neural network exploits the non-linearity of a problem to define a set of desired inputs. Neural networks are important in realizing a better way for classification in machine learning and finds application in various fields such as data mining, pattern recognition, forensics etc. In this paper, our focus is to classify of patient records obtained from clinical data. Feature selection is a supervised method that attempts to select a subset of the predictor features based on the information gain. The (...) Lymphography dataset comprises of 18 attributes and 148 instances with the class label having four distinct values. This paper highlights the accuracy of EasyNN backbrapagation calssification algorithm in classifying predictor attributes and highlights its performance on Lymphography dataset. The accuracy we have reached is 97.78 percent in classification accuracy with the predictor feature. (shrink)

The study aimed to identify the reality of decision-making in the local NGOs in Gaza Strip. In order to achieve the objectives of the study and to test its hypotheses, the analytical descriptive method was used, relying on the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection. The study society was one of the decision makers in the local NGOs in Gaza Strip. The study population reached 78 local NGOs in Gaza Strip. A Census Method of the possible study community (...) was adopted, and the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was mainly based on the analysis and analysis of the data obtained through the survey tool. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: NGOs follow a decision-making mechanism. NGOs examine the problems and causes of the organization. Organizations are less concerned with stakeholder participation. Make decision. The main recommendations of the study are: To promote systematic methods of decision-making in NGOs in Gaza Strip: Local NGOs in Gaza Strip should continue to develop their competencies in order to make sound and correct decisions and encourage them to follow the scientific methodologies in the mechanism of taking Decisions. (shrink)

Abstract: The research also aims at identifying the differences between respondents as attributed to their professional and personal traits of age, gender, educational level, distribution of department, dispute resolution experience and representation party. Researchers adopted mixed data collection methods; quantitative and qualitative. For qualitative, a semi-structured interview was conducted with (9) officials including management, staff unions and expert external mediators. (63) Questionnaires were distributed to a systematic random sample population; (56) were received, with a response rate 88.9%. The results proved (...) that there are no significant differences among respondents attributed to personal and professional traits of age, academic background, gender, department, years’ of experience, educational degree and representation party. The research has presented some recommendations concerning the factors affecting the mediation outcomes of workplace disputes resolution. The recommendations include: Selecting expert mediators to deal with multi-culture groups. Ensuring equal gender representation in working groups, teamwork and committees and encouraging female participation in mediation processes to resolve dispute at work place. Developing the mediation schema in a way that empowers the mediator to increase her/his ability to lead and establish compromise solutions for workplace disputes. (shrink)

This study aims to identify the electronic banking services in Palestine from the point of view of the customers of the banks, where researchers used the descriptive analytical method, through a questionnaire distributed electronically to the sample of beneficiaries of the electronic banking services provided by banks operating in Palestine. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: There is a moderate degree of efficiency of electronic banking services provided in banks operating in Palestine from (...) the point of view of bank customers. Where the total score of electronic banking services received a relative weight of (64.37%), the results of the study confirmed that the ranking of electronic banking services as follows: Internet banking services ranked first with a relative weight (66.68%), a medium percentage, while ATM services came in Second place with a relative weight (64.30%), and mobile application services got the third and last place with a relative weight (62.12%). The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences between banks operating in Palestine according to the bank variable from the beneficiaries' point of view in favor of Bank of Palestine. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between banks operating in Palestine according to the variable number of years of dealing with the bank from the point of view of beneficiaries. The study made a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: The need for banks to enhance the use of electronic banking services and upgrade them. Conduct awareness campaigns on the importance of electronic banking services and give appropriate incentives to beneficiaries who deal with them. Direct customers use electronic banking services instead of traditional methods. Attention to quickly respond to customer problems sent via the website. (shrink)