As a generation of ‘digital natives,’ secondary students who were born from 2002 to 2010 have various approaches to acquiring digital knowledge. Digital literacy and resilience are crucial for them to navigate the digital world as much as the real world; however, these remain under-researched subjects, especially in developing countries. In Vietnam, the education system has put considerable effort into teaching students these skills to promote quality education as part of the United Nations-defined Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4). This issue (...) has proven especially salient amid the COVID−19 pandemic lockdowns, which had obliged most schools to switch to online forms of teaching. This study, which utilizes a dataset of 1061 Vietnamese students taken from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)’s “Digital Kids Asia Pacific (DKAP)” project, employs Bayesian statistics to explore the relationship between the students’ background and their digital abilities. Results show that economic status and parents’ level of education are positively correlated with digital literacy. Students from urban schools have only a slightly higher level of digital literacy than their rural counterparts, suggesting that school location may not be a defining explanatory element in the variation of digital literacy and resilience among Vietnamese students. Students’ digital literacy and, especially resilience, also have associations with their gender. Moreover, as students are digitally literate, they are more likely to be digitally resilient. Following SDG4, i.e., Quality Education, it is advisable for schools, and especially parents, to seriously invest in creating a safe, educational environment to enhance digital literacy among students. (shrink)

Trung Tran, Phuong-Thao T. Trinh, Thu-Trang Vuong, Hiep-Hung Pham (2019). Chapter 1. The debates and the long-awaited reform. In Quan-Hoang Vuong, Trung Tran (Eds.), The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road (pp. 17–32). Warsaw, Poland: De Gruyter / Sciendo. DOI:10.2478/9783110686081-006 -/- Online ISBN: 9783110686081 © 2019 De Gruyter / Sciendo.

Folklore has a critical role as a cultural transmitter, all the while being a socially accepted medium for the expressions of culturally contradicting wishes and conducts. In this study of Vietnamese folktales, through the use of Bayesian multilevel modeling and the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique, we offer empirical evidence for how the interplay between religious teachings (Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism) and deviant behaviors (lying and violence) could affect a folktale’s outcome. The findings indicate that characters who lie and/or commit (...) violent acts tend to have bad endings, as intuition would dictate, but when they are associated with any of the above Three Teachings, the final endings may vary. Positive outcomes are seen in cases where characters associated with Confucianism lie and characters associated with Buddhism act violently. The results supplement the worldwide literature on discrepancies between folklore and real-life conduct, as well as on the contradictory human behaviors vis-à-vis religious teachings. Overall, the study highlights the complexity of human decision-making, especially beyond the folklore realm. (shrink)

Background: In the context of globalization, Vietnamese universities, whose primary function is teaching, there is a need to improve research performance. Methods: Based on SSHPA data, an exclusive database of Vietnamese social sciences and humanities researchers’ productivity, between 2008 and 2019 period, this study analyzes the research output of Vietnamese universities in the field of social sciences and humanities. Results: Vietnamese universities have been steadily producing a high volume of publications in the 2008-2019 period, with a peak of 598 articles (...) in 2019. Moreover, many private universities and institutions are also joining the publication race, pushing competitiveness in the country. Conclusions: Solutions to improve both quantity and quality of Vietnamese universities’ research practice in the context of the industrial revolution 4.0 could be applying international criteria in Vietnamese higher education, developing scientific and critical thinking for general and STEM education, and promoting science communication. (shrink)

The digital era brings various benefits to adolescents. However, operating on the digital environment without sufficient knowledge and skills will expose them to multiple types of risks, especially in the country with low digital safety education rate like Vietnam. The current study examines factors that can contribute to cultivating adolescents’ digital resilience using the information-processing reasoning of the Mindsponge Theory. A UNESCO dataset of 1061 Vietnamese high school students was analyzed using the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework analytics. It is found that (...) adolescents’ daily Internet usage frequency, parents’ Internet safety guidance, and teachers’ safety guidance are positively associated with digital resilience. However, the effects of parents’ and teachers’ Internet safety guidance on digital resilience are conditional on the daily Internet usage frequency. Parents’ guidance only enhances adolescents’ digital resilience if they use the Internet less than four hours per day. In contrast, the positive effect of teachers’ guidance on adolescents’ digital resilience becomes stronger when the students spend more time on the Internet (more than 1 hour). Based on these findings, we suggest that adolescents can learn to minimize risks and protect themselves by exposing more to the digital environment. Parents’ and teachers’ supports are important in enhancing adolescents’ capability to deal with digital threats, but types of supports need to be carefully considered to avoid reverse impacts on adolescents’ resilience. (shrink)

Starting with the first international publication of Le Van Thiem (Lê Văn Thiêm) in 1947, modern mathematics in Vietnam is a longstanding research field. However, what is known about its development usually comes from discrete essays such as anecdotes or interviews of renowned mathematicians. We introduce SciMath—a database on publications of Vietnamese mathematicians. To ensure this database covers as many publications as possible, data entries are manually collected from scientists’ publication records, journals’ websites, universities, and research institutions. Collected data went (...) through various verification steps to ensure data quality and minimize errors. At the time of this report, the database covered 8372 publications, profiles of 1566 Vietnamese, and 1492 foreign authors since 1947. We found a growing capability in mathematics research in Vietnam in various aspects: scientific output, publications on influential journals, or collaboration. The database and preliminary results were presented to the Scientific Council of Vietnam Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics (VIASM) on November 13th, 2020. (shrink)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, alongside the restrictive measures implemented for its control, may considerably affect people’s lives particularly vulnerable persons such as children, elderly and people with underlying diseases. This study aimed to assess the well-being of Vietnamese people after COVID-19 lockdown measures were lifted and life gradually returned to normal in Vietnam. Methods: An online survey was organized from 21 st to 25 th April 2020 among Vietnamese residents aged 18 and over. Data were collected concerning the participants’ health (...) status, COVID-19 preventive behaviour, and consequences of the preventive measures. The WHO-5 Well-Being Index was used to score participants’ well-being. Results: A total of 1922 responses were analyzed (mean age was 31 years; range: 18-76). Factors associated with a high well-being score included older age, eating healthy food, practising physical exercise, working from home, and adherence to the COVID-19 preventive measures. Female participants, persons worried about their relatives’ health, and smokers were more likely to have a low well-being score. Conclusions: The Vietnamese people continued to follow COVID-19 preventive measures even after the lockdown was lifted. Most respondents scored high on the well-being scale. However, the emergence of a new COVID-19 outbreak with an epicenter in Da Nang city is expected to increase public anxiety and mental health problems. It is clear that together with preventive measures, developing strategies to guarantee the well-being of the Vietnamese people’s is equally important. (shrink)

Universities and funders in many countries have been using Journal Impact Factor (JIF) as an indicator for research and grant assessment despite its controversial nature as a statistical representation of scientific quality. This study investigates how the changes of JIF over the years can affect its role in research evaluation and science management by using JIF data from annual Journal Citation Reports (JCR) to illustrate the changes. The descriptive statistics find out an increase in the median JIF for the top (...) 50 journals in the JCR, from 29.300 in 2017 to 33.162 in 2019. Moreover, on average, elite journal families have up to 27 journals in the top 50. In the group of journals with a JIF of lower than 1, the proportion has shrunk by 14.53% in the 2015–2019 period. The findings suggest a potential ‘JIF bubble period’ that science policymaker, university, public fund managers, and other stakeholders should pay more attention to JIF as a criterion for quality assessment to ensure more efficient science management. (shrink)

Competence structure that pre-service teachers need to develop to become a future teacher has been defined since the 1930s. For pre-service mathematics teachers, their competence has its own characteristics. ICT integration in developing competence for pre-service mathematics teachers has been been proved to be effective in many previous studies. In Vietnam, the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) has recommended the use of ICT to enhance teaching-learning activities in schools and universities, therefore, there have been many studies on ICT intergration (...) at different educational levels. However, there are only a few studies on the use ICT integration in developing competence for pre-service mathematics teachers. This paper presents results from a research on the feasibility of ICT integration in developing competence of Vietnamese pre-service mathematics teachers. The research was conducted by surveying on a randomly selected of 297 pre-service mathematics teachers and 40 mathematics lecturers in six universities which provide mathematics training programs. Results show that despite of the availability of technologies, ICT integration in training pre-service teachers is still limited. In addition, ICT integration in teaching activities of mathematics teachers is not really effective because the levels of their ICT skills are very different. Pre-service mathematics teachers have the ability to use ICT equipment, and good accessibility to learning systems, but their use of the learning management systems (LMS) is limited. This study can be a reference for future studies to test the effective of ICT integration in training pre-service teachers when designing activities to develop feasibly and effectively their competence. (shrink)

Background. Small and medium enterprises play an important role in economies, including Vietnam’s. The need for information systems is now necessary in every enterprise. Most of published studies on information systems have been conducted in developed countries, with little in developing or less developed countries. From those few, there was no one focusing in Vietnam. Aims. This thesis examines the experiences of seven Vietnamese small and medium enterprises when they adopted information systems. The authors investigated the reasons for, the process (...) of, and the factors influencing information system adoption. Methods. The qualitative research method was used to answer research questions. Semi-structured interviews were used as the data collection tool to explore participants’ experiences. Content analysis of the interview transcripts was used to extract answers given during the semi-structured interviews and to identify new themes that emerged from the data. The participants’ experiences were compared to what has been reported in the existing literature. Results. The analysis resulted in important findings. It confirmed some reasons and factors found in the literature concerning information system adoption in Vietnamese small and medium enterprises. Despite some similarities, the authors found some differences, such as government role, concerning the information system adoption. (shrink)

Vietnam, with a geographical proximity and a high volume of trade with China, was the first country to record an outbreak of the new Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2. While the country was expected to have a high risk of transmission, as of April 4, 2020—in comparison to attempts to contain the disease around the world—responses from Vietnam are being seen as prompt and effective in protecting the interests of its citizens, (...) with 239 confirmed cases and no fatalities. This study analyzes the situation in terms of Vietnam’s policy response, social media and science journalism. A self-made web crawl engine was used to scan and collect official media news related to COVID-19 between the beginning of January and April 4, yielding a comprehensive dataset of 14,952 news items. The findings shed light on how Vietnam—despite being under-resourced—has demonstrated political readiness to combat the emerging pandemic since the earliest days. Timely communication on any developments of the outbreak from the government and the media, combined with up-to-date research on the new virus by the Vietnamese science community, have altogether provided reliable sources of information. By emphasizing the need for immediate and genuine cooperation between government, civil society and private individuals, the case study offers valuable lessons for other nations concerning not only the concurrent fight against the COVID-19 pandemic but also the overall responses to a public health crisis. (shrink)

United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 4 Quality Education has highlighted major challenges for all nations to ensure inclusive and equitable quality access to education, facilities for children, and young adults. The SDG4 is even more important for developing nations as receiving proper education or vocational training, especially in science and technology, means a foundational step in improving other aspects of their citizens’ lives. However, the extant scientific literature about STEM education still lacks focus on developing countries, even more so in (...) the rural area. Using a dataset of 4967 observations of junior high school students from a rural area in a transition economy, the article employs the Bayesian approach to identify the interaction between gender, socioeconomic status, and students’ STEM academic achievements. The results report gender has little association with STEM academic achievements; however, female students (αa_Sex[2] = 2.83) appear to have achieved better results than their male counterparts (αa_Sex[1] = 2.68). Families with better economic status, parents with a high level of education (βb(EduMot) = 0.07), or non-manual jobs (αa_SexPJ[4] = 3.25) are found to be correlated with better study results. On the contrary, students with zero (βb(OnlyChi) = -0.14) or more than two siblings (βb(NumberofChi) = -0.01) are correlated with lower study results compared to those with only one sibling. These results imply the importance of providing women with opportunities for better education. Policymakers should also consider maintaining family size so the parents can provide their resources to each child equally. (shrink)

Chương trình bayesvl được thiết kế với định hướng sư phạm, hỗ trợ các nhà nghiên cứu ngành khoa học xã hội và nhân văn sử dụng mô hình lưới Bayesian, mô phỏng MCMC, hình ảnh hóa các thông số kĩ thuật và phân tích dữ liệu xã hội. bayesvl được phát hành chính thức trên hệ thống thư viện chuẩn của R là Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) vào tháng 5 năm 2019.

Cải cách tiền lương là một trong những nội dung quan trọng sẽ được thảo luận tại Kỳ họp thứ 6, Quốc hội khóa XV và đây cũng là một trong những chìa khoá để mở ra các chính sách đãi ngộ nhằm góp phần xây dựng, phát triển đội ngũ trí thức nước nhà, đáp ứng yêu cầu phát triển đất nước nhanh và bền vững trong giai đoạn mới như nội dung mà Hội nghị Trung ương 8 (...) khoá XIII, Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng đã thảo luận. (shrink)

Với 9 tỷ cư dân Trái Đất vào năm 2030, đảm bảo protein là một công việc khó khăn. Đồng thời, việc chăn nuôi gia súc lấy thịt cũng trở nên thách thức do làm gia tăng khí nhà kính trong khí quyển. Do đó, gần đây, các thông tin quốc tế về ăn côn trùng như nguồn dinh dưỡng ngày càng nhiều hơn. Ăn côn trùng không lạ ở Việt Nam. Cà cuống hay bò cạp ngày nay là các (...) món đặc sản, đắt tiền. Nhưng bình dân hơn như dế và châu chấu cũng không còn là món dễ kiếm nữa. Tuy vậy, ở bình diện quốc tế, ăn côn trùng là cả một mặt trận truyền thông, ở đó, thông tin đôi khi trái chiều và xu hướng ăn côn trùng như thực phẩm chưa hình thành. (shrink)

“Sàn đấu” Hiệp hội Các nhà biên tập khoa học châu Âu vừa chứng kiến trận so găng quyết liệt giữa hai đối thủ cân tài, cân sức: Chủ tịch chi hội EASE Việt Nam TS. Vương Quân Hoàng và TS. Haseeb Md. Irfanullah, Ban Biên tập Tạp chí Learned Publishing.

Manh-Tung Ho, Khanh-Linh Hoang, Minh-Hoang Nguyen, Manh-Toan Ho (2019). Chapter 8. The emerging business of science in Vietnam. In Quan-Hoang Vuong, Trung Tran (Eds.), The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road (pp. 163–177). Warsaw, Poland: De Gruyter. DOI:10.2478/9783110686081-013. -/- Online ISBN: 9783110686081 © 2019 Sciendo / De Gruyter.

Phuong-Thao T. Trinh, Thu-Hien T. Le, Thu-Trang Vuong, Phuong-Hanh Hoang (2019). Chapter 6. The question of quality. In Quan-Hoang Vuong, Trung Tran (Eds.), The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road (pp. 121–142). Warsaw, Poland: De Gruyter. DOI:10.2478/9783110686081-011. -/- Online ISBN: 9783110686081 © 2019 Sciendo / De Gruyter.

Xuan-Hung Doan, Phuong-Tram T. Nguyen, Viet-Phuong La, Hong-Kong T. Nguyen (2019). Chapter 5. Researchers who lead the trends. In Quan-Hoang Vuong, Trung Tran (Eds.), The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road (pp. 98–120). Warsaw, Poland: De Gruyter. DOI:10.2478/9783110686081-010 -/- Online ISBN: 9783110686081 © 2019 Sciendo.

Excerpted from ‘The Vietnamese Social Sciences at a Fork in the Road’, Edited by Quan-Hoang Vuong and Trung Tran [1], with permission from the editors. The Vietnamese Social Sciences and Humanities at a Fork in the Road, utilizing an object-oriented structured database on the productivity of Vietnamese researchers, seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of Social Sciences and Humanities in Vietnam from 2008 to 2018. The book can be ordered from De Gruyter Online or Amazon.

Rapid urbanization in Vietnam significantly impacts the environment and human well-being. Public parks are crucial for enhancing social and environmental sustainability in urban areas, yet their establishment and expansion require substantial funding. This study investigates the factors influencing Vietnamese urban residents’ willingness to donate to planting projects in public parks, utilizing the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF), which combines Mindsponge Theory’s informational entropy-based notion of value with Bayesian analysis. Analyzing data from 535 residents in major Vietnamese cities, we found that while (...) men visit public parks more frequently, they are less willing to donate to planting projects. Older residents visit parks more often and are more willing to donate, while higher-income individuals show greater willingness to donate. Most motivations—such as relaxation, physical activities, nature enjoyment, socializing, and family time—are positively linked to park visit frequency and indirectly to donation willingness. However, only relaxation and enjoyment of nature are directly associated with willingness to donate. Interestingly, higher education levels and visiting parks for children’s educational activities are associated with lower donation willingness. These findings hint at the possible existence of the free-riding problem, gender inequality, ineffective environmental education, and lack of awareness of public parks’ natural value, as well as opportunities to cultivate an eco-surplus culture through nature interactions in public parks. (shrink)

Tỉnh Sơn La có điều kiện thuận lợi cho phát triển nông nghiệp, nhưng quá trình chuyển đổi số (CĐS) còn chậm và gặp nhiều khó khăn về hạ tầng và quản lý dữ liệu. Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào tổng quan các nghiên cứu về CĐS cho hợp tác xã (HTX) và đề xuất một mô hình phần mềm là một giải pháp CĐS trong quản trị HTX nông nghiệp tại tỉnh Sơn La. Việc ứng dụng phần (...) mềm quản trị sẽ hệ thống hóa và số hóa dữ liệu, giúp theo dõi, phân tích và hỗ trợ ra quyết định dựa trên dữ liệu thực tế trong quá trình hoạt động của các HTX. Phần mềm này không chỉ nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động, tiết kiệm chi phí, mà còn giúp xây dựng nguồn dữ liệu, từ đó các cơ quan quản lý có thể đánh giá, phân tích hoạt động của các HTX từ dữ liệu, làm cơ sở để xây dựng chính sách phát triển bền vững cho các HTX nông nghiệp trên địa bàn Tỉnh. (shrink)

Đã đến lúc các nhà khoa học phải trở nên sáng tạo và chủ động hơn trong việc truyền đạt khoa học bằng ngôn ngữ của mình và qua các kênh truyền thông đại chúng.

The popularity of AI can be seen as a tide of technology that rose rapidly and transformed the entire academic landscape.

Mới đây, tại hội thảo “Những vấn đề kinh tế-xã hội nổi lên trong thời gian gần đây và giải pháp khắc phục”, các chuyên gia kinh tế, các nhà nghiên cứu chính sách đầu ngành đã tập trung thảo luận những vấn đề về các mối quan hệ kinh tế vĩ mô và phương thức điều hành, quản lý, quan hệ lạm phát - tăng trưởng, phối hợp giữa chính sách tài khóa và chính sách tiền tệ, xây (...) dựng thể chế điều hành các thị trường trọng yếu của nền kinh tế như chứng khoán, tiền tệ, ngân hàng, bất động sản, đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài, hiệu quả đầu tư công, xung đột các nhóm lợi ích tập đoàn kinh tế là những vấn đề được quan tâm nhất. (shrink)

Investigation of neural and cognitive processes underlying individual variation in moral preferences is underway, with notable similarities emerging between moral- and risk-based decision-making. Here we specifically assessed moral distributive justice preferences and non-moral financial gambling preferences in the same individuals, and report an association between these seemingly disparate forms of decision-making. Moreover, we find this association between distributive justice and risky decision-making exists primarily when the latter is assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task. These findings are consistent with neuroimaging studies (...) of brain function during moral and risky decision-making. This research also constitutes the first replication of a novel experimental measure of distributive justice decision-making, for which individual variation in performance was found. Further examination of decision-making processes across different contexts may lead to an improved understanding of the factors affecting moral behaviour. (shrink)

There were 30 of us in a conference room preparing to give a brief talk about our research.

Thông qua kết quả khảo sát đối với 315 sinh viên (SV) Khoa Quản trị kinh doanh, Trường Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành, bài viết sử dụng thuyết Hành vi dự định (TPB) của Ajzen (1991) để xác định các nhân tố thuộc Vai trò của phương thức tư vấn học tập định hướng tác động đến Ý định định hướng nghề nghiệp của SV. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, có sự khác biệt về ý định định hướng nghề (...) nghiệp của SV bước vào giai đoạn quyết định lựa chọn ngành/nghề so với khóa còn lại và cả 3 nhân tố thuộc Vai trò của phương thức tư vấn học tập định hướng: Thái độ, Chuẩn chủ quan và Nhận thức kiểm soát hành vi tác động tích cực đến Ý định định hướng nghề nghiệp của SV. (shrink)

Năm 1999, phố cổ Hội An của Việt Nam được UNESCO công nhận là Di sản Văn hóa thế giới. Kể từ thời điểm đó, bộ mặt thành phố Hội An đã có nhiều thay đổi, biến nơi đây trở thành một điểm đến hấp dẫn khách du lịch trong và ngoài nước. Nhiều chính sách quy hoạch đã được đưa ra nhằm thúc đẩy phát triển du lịch và kinh tế. Tuy nhiên, yếu tố bảo tồn và phát huy (...) di sản cần phải được chú trọng hơn nữa để có gìn giữ trọn vẹn những giá trị truyền thống của Hội An. (shrink)

Nghiên cứu này sử dụng mô hình hồi quy đa biến để phân tích mối quan hệ giữa niềm tin của người tiêu dùng, khuyến mãi, giao hàng chặng cuối và quyết định mua hàng của người tiêu dùng tại TP. Hồ Chí Minh trên các sàn thương mại điện tử (TMĐT). Kết quả cho thấy, Niềm tin, Khuyến mãi và Giao hàng chặng cuối là những yếu tố có tác động đáng kể đến Quyết định mua hàng. Kết quả (...) nghiên cứu cung cấp cơ sở khoa học cho các doanh nghiệp trong việc xây dựng chiến lược kinh doanh hiệu quả trên các sàn TMĐT. (shrink)

Circular economy (CE), a sustainability concept that promotes resource efficiency and waste re-duction, has garnered significant popularity in recent years due to its potential to address pressing environmental and economic challenges. This study develops the Bayesian Mindsponge Mindspongeconomics (BMM) framework/analytic method based on Bayesian Mindsponge framework (BMF) to the factors influencing young adults' pro-environmental behavior and purchases of green products at different price levels. The findings indicate that young adults who are knowledgeable about CE and value environmental protection and energy (...) conservation are more likely to engage in waste sorting, while the factors that affect their willingness to pay (WTP) more for green and en-ergy-saving products vary at different price tiers. The study demonstrates that CE knowledge, daily waste sorting habits, and environmental concern positively impact young adults' WTP for products that are 5%, 10%, and 15% higher-priced, respectively. Besides, the study also highlights the po-tential of educational programs and cultural influences in nurturing a generation that prioritizes environmental value. The research integrates multidisciplinary perspectives and offers practical implications for policymakers, educators, and businesses seeking to promote green literacy and foster an environmental culture among the youth, contributing to the broader goals of green transformation and sustainable development associated with CE and green economy, especially in urban areas of emerging countries and beyond. (shrink)

In 2023, Hindawi has retracted over 8,000 articles, raising the total retracted papers of the year to more than 10,000 articles, the highest record ever recorded. As transparent retraction notice will help alleviate the negative impacts of retractions on the academia and general public, I used AI (Google Bard) to check whether important information related to the retractions had been provided.

Depressive disorders have been found to be a significant health issue among industrial workers, resulting from work-related factors and causing serious burdens for the workers as well as their employers. Literature on mental health problems of Vietnamese industrial workers has been limited, despite the rapid foreign investment-fueled industrialization process of the country. This study aimed to fill the gap in literature by examining the prevalence of depressive disorders and their potential associated factors among a cohort of Vietnamese industrial workers. A (...) cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 industrial areas in Hanoi and Bac Ninh. A total of 289 workers agreed to participate in the study. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to identify associated factors with depression status of respondents. 38.6% of participants reported suffering depression. Factors found to be positively associated with the possibility of having depression and higher PHQ9 score were long working hours, suffering more health problems, and health hazards exposure at work. Meanwhile, being females, having more children, living with parents, engaging in smoking, and being local workers were found to correlate with lower likelihood of being depressed. The findings suggested the importance of regular health screening, work safety assurance, and social support outside of workplace on the mental health of the workers. (shrink)

The historic end of the Cold War and the rising tide of globalization have significantly changed the nature of threats and security discourses in Asia. There is a notable shift of attention from military power as the core determinant of national security to several non-traditional sectors with a much enhanced role of economic, political, and societal forces. Non-traditional security issues—such as climate change, natural disasters, transnational crimes, and terrorism—require both policymakers and military strategists to deal with security threats in a (...) more comprehensive manner. Increasing interdependence among states also magnifies the impacts of these threats, urging Asian countries to forge regional cooperation in multilateral forums such as ASEAN, EAS, APEC, and ARF. Though these efforts are commendable, their effectiveness in tackling such a wide canvass of threats is still open to question. (shrink)

Phát triển các thành phần kinh tế ở Việt Nam hiện nay: những vấn đề đặt ra (Trần Đình Thiên. Nghiên cứu Kinh tế số 7 (506), tháng 7-2020.

This study aims to determine driving factors significantly influencing the purchase intention and to identify impediments creating the intention –behavior gap regarding organic food consumption in Vietnam. The chosen driving factors affecting the organic food purchase intention in this study are health benefits, environmental awareness, and social norms, whereas trust, price, and convenience as well as availability are investigated as deterrent factors of the link between intention and behavior. A structured online questionnaire with snow-balling sampling method was distributed to collect (...) a representative sample of 466 Vietnamese consumers nationwide. A five-point likert scale was used for the level of approval for 36 statements. Statistical tools of SPSS 22.0 including descriptive analysis, principal component analysis, and multiple regression analysis models were used for data analysis. The results showed that health benefits, environmental awareness, and social norms were facilitators of organic food purchase intention. Although high intention to purchase organic foods was identified in Vietnam, it was not translated into actual purchase behavior. The main barriers for the inconsistency were premium price and low availability of organic products or inconvenience to buy in the market. Lack of trust insignificantly impacted on organic food choices among Vietnamese consumers in this study. These empirical findings and suggestions are beneficial for all players across supply chains. (shrink)

Công cuộc đổi mới kinh tế ở Việt Nam hơn 30 năm qua có nội dung quan trọng là đổi mới phương thức phát triển, giúp nền kinh tế hồi sinh nhanh chóng và có bước phát triển ngoạn mục. Tuy nhiên, trong bối cảnh toàn cầu hóa gia tăng, cuộc Cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ tư (Cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0) hiện nay… Việt Nam cần có cách tiếp cận mới đến vấn đề phát triển. Việt Nam phải (...) tích cực định hướng tìm kiếm cả những nguồn lực và động lực phát triển mới theo những cách mới, kết hợp với những động lực và phương thức truyền thống hướng tới phát triển bền vững. (shrink)

For a transitional market with a short history like that of Vietnam, corporate governance is a critical area of improvement. The issuance of Circular 121 in 2012 marked an important milestone of corporate governance reform in Vietnam as it includes stricter and more well-defined regulations learned from international best practices. Among them is the requirement that independent directors should make up at least one-third of the board of directors. Although improving financial reporting is not at the heart of Circular 121, (...) this Circular is expected to reduce earnings management through the mandatory requirement of board independence. Using data collected from a sample of 523 non-financial listed firms from 2009 – 2016, this study finds no significant relationship between earnings management and the proportion of independent directors, and Circular 121 has no impact on this relationship. These results are consistent across different regression approaches and various robustness tests, suggesting that board independence and corporate governance reform are not effective tools in mitigating earnings management. (shrink)

The culture of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Văn hoá Việt Nam, chữ Hán: 文化越南) are the customs and traditions of the Kinh people and the other ethnic groups of Vietnam. -/- Originating from the Red River Delta, ancient Vietnamese cultural artifacts, such as the Đông Sơn drums, were found throughout Southeast Asia and South China, suggesting a spread of ancient Viet (the generalized term "Baiyue" i.e. "100 Yue") all the way south to Indonesia.

In the year 2020, during the global race to combat the coronavirus, the scientific community experienced a seismic shock when a research paper in the medical science journal The Lancet was retracted [1]. Since then, retractions of research papers in The Lancet have become more frequent. This not only raises concerns about the quality of research within the academic community but also has the potential to erode public trust in science. As transparent retraction notice will help alleviate the negative impacts (...) of retractions on the academia and general public, I used AI (Google Bard) to check whether important information related to the retractions had been provided. (shrink)

Corporate bond appeared in 1992-1994 in Vietnamese capital markets. However, it is still not popular to both business sectors and academic circles. This paper explores different dimensions of Vietnamese corporate bond market using a unique and perhaps, most complete data set. State not only intervenes in the bond markets with its powerful budget and policies but also competes directly with enterprises. The dominance of state-owned enterprises and large corporations also prevents small and medium enterprises from this debt financing vehicle. Whenever (...) a convertible term is available, bondholders are more willing to accept lower fixed income payoff. But they would not likely stick to it. On the one hand, prospective bondholders could value the holdings of equity when realized favourably ex ante. On the other hand, the applicable coupon rate for such bonds could turn out negative inflation-adjusted payoff when tight monetary policy is exercised and the corresponding equity holding turns out valueless, ex post. Given the weak primary market and virtually non-existent secondary market, the corporate bond market in Vietnam reflects our perception of the relationship-based and rent-seeking behaviour in the financial markets. For the corporate bonds to really work, they critically need a higher level of liquidity to become truly tradeable financial assets. Updated entries in 2010 affirm the findings and conclusions. (shrink)

Drawing on upper echelon theory, this study investigates the impact of CEOs’ (chief executive officers) demographic characteristics on corporate environmental performance (CEP) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We hypothesized that CEO characteristics, including gender, age, basic educational level, professional educational level, political connection, and ethnicity, affect SMEs’ environmental performance. Using the cross-sectional data analysis of 810 Vietnamese SMEs, this study provides evidence that female CEOs and CEOs’ educational level (both basic and professional) are positively related to the probability of (...) CEP. We also find that based on the role of institutional environment on CEP, political connections had a negative effect on CEP in the context of Vietnam. Another finding is that SMEs with chief executives from ethnic minority groups show a higher level of the probability of corporate environmental performance than companies operated by Kinh chief executives. Since CEP is an essential dimension of corporate social responsibility, a strategic decision for SMEs, it is crucial for the company to select appropriate CEOs based on their demographic characteristics. (shrink)

Cuốn sách kinh tế học liên ngành “Better economics for the Earth: A lesson from Quantum and information theories” của hai tác giả Việt giới thiệu khái niệm mới về “tăng trưởng” và “văn hóa thặng dư sinh thái”, hướng tới một hệ thống kinh tế giúp “chữa lành” Trái đất.

The so-called “conciliatory” norm in epistemology and meta-ethics requires that an agent, upon encountering peer disagreement with her judgment, lower her confidence about that judgment. But whether agents actually abide by this norm is unclear. Although confidence is excessively researched in the empirical sciences, possible effects of disagreement on confidence have been understudied. Here, we target this lacuna, reporting a study that measured confidence about moral beliefs before and after exposure to moral discourse about a controversial issue. Our findings indicate (...) that participants do not abide by the conciliatory norm. Neither do they conform to a rival “steadfast” norm that demands their confidence to remain the same. Instead, moral discourse seems to boost confidence. Interestingly, we also find a confidence boost for factual beliefs, and a correlation between the extremity of moral views and confidence. One possible explanation of our findings is that when engaging in moral discourse participants become more extreme in their opinions, which leads them to become more confident about them, or vice versa: they become more confident and in turn more extreme. Although our work provides initial evidence for the former mechanism, further research is needed for a better understanding of confidence and moral discourse. (shrink)

Employing BMF analytics to predict behaviors and intentions related to 3R initiatives, eco-friendly practices, and zero-waste lifestyles offers insights into adapting to environmental changes, an area that remains underexplored in the literature.

Thông qua khảo sát 200 người tiêu dùng tại TP. Hồ Chí Minh, nghiên cứu nhằm xem xét sự tác động của trách nhiệm xã hội doanh nghiệp (CSR) và truyền miệng điện tử đến ý định mua điện thoại thông minh của người tiêu dùng. Kết quả cho thấy, có 4 yếu tố thuộc Trách nhiệm xã hội (Trách nhiệm kinh tế, Trách nhiệm pháp lý, Trách nhiệm đạo đức, Trách nhiệm từ thiện) và 1 yếu tố Truyền miệng (...) điện tử tác động đến Ý định mua điện thoại thông minh của người tiêu dùng. Trong đó, yếu tố “Truyền miệng điện tử” có tác động mạnh nhất đến Ý định mua điện thoại thông minh của người tiêu dùng. (shrink)

Metacognitive mental states are mental states about mental states. For example, I may be uncertain whether my belief is correct. In social discourse, an interlocutor’s metacognitive certainty may constitute evidence about the reliability of their testimony. For example, if a speaker is certain that their belief is correct, then we may take this as evidence in favour of their belief, or its content. This paper argues that, if metacognitive certainty is genuine evidence, then it is disproportionate evidence for extreme beliefs. (...) In support of the argument, we report findings from five studies with different participant samples, designs, and measures. These studies show that, the more extreme an agent’s belief (positive or negative), the more certain they are about it, and vice versa. This relationship might contribute to moralism, virtue signalling, and polarisation, which in turn may be epistemically and morally problematic. Therefore, we caution against taking metacognitive certainty as genuine evidence. (shrink)

In general, CEO turnover has been researched widely following numerous studies in developed countries. Nevertheless, the determinants of CEO turnover are still unclear in transition countries of which the legal and regulatory framework are weak and financial systems and corporate govemance are underdeveloped. Therefore, examining determinants of CEO turnover in Vietnam, a transition country, helps to provide more evidence on the efficiency and effectiveness of corporate governance in transition countries. Furthermore, the examination helps to define weaknesses, and it, therefore, could (...) provide guidance to improve corporate governance in Vietnamese enterprises. (shrink)

This thesis was shaped from Action 13 of the recent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project adopted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and G20 countries to prevent profit shifting by multinational enterprises (MNEs). In response to the BEPS Action 13, New Zealand and Vietnam have recently introduced new transfer pricing rules. As little research has been done to examine the effects of the BEPS Action 13 on the transfer pricing landscape of respective countries, the main (...) objective of this study is to understand how the New Zealand and Vietnamese governments have reacted to and adapted the BEPS Action 13 and what tax consultants and taxpayers in both countries think about the new transfer pricing regulations. This study is exploratory in nature. As such, a qualitative case study approach has been adopted using institutional theory as a theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two tax officers and ten transfer pricing consultants in both countries to identify the differences and similarities, and to draw conclusions. Other sources of publicly available data were also used to support the study. (shrink)

Lĩnh vực tín dụng cá nhân tuy có nhiều tiềm năng và tạo cho các ngân hàng có nguồn thu bền vững trong dài hạn nhưng hoạt động này hàm chứa nhiều rủi ro mà các ngân hàng càng quan tâm, đặc biệt trong sô' đó là rủi do không thể trả nỢ, đứng ở 2 khía cạnh là sô' nợ gôc và thời hạn trả nợ. Sẽ rất nguy hiểm nếu trong thời kỳ hiện nay ngân hàng tiếp tục (...) bổ sung vào khối lượng nợ xấu của mình từ rủi ro tín dụng cá nhân khi lượng nợ xấu từ khách hàng doanh nghiệp vẫn chưa thể xử lý được. Do đó, có thể nhận thấy trong thời điểm hiện nay cùng với sự tăng trưởng của tín dụng thì việc nhận diện và đo lường rủi ro tín dụng trở thành việc làm cấp bách. (shrink)