I am writing because I am disturbed by the apparent policy of many mainstream philosophy journals toward Chinese and comparative philosophy. The assumption seems to be that such work should be confined to the handful of specialist journals. I believe that this is an antiquated and counterproductive policy. Philosophers have recognized for a long time that any well-educated ethicist needs to know something about Aristotle, Kant, and the secondary work published on them. Because of changes in our society and in (...) the world as a whole, the time has come for us to recognize that an ethicist should also know something about Mo Tzu, Hsün Tzu and Chu Hsi. (shrink)

van Els, Paul. "Tegen aanvalsoorlogen" (Against Offensive Warfare). Dutch translation of Mozi chapters 17, 18, and 19. Het Trage Vuur 40 (December 2007): 8–19.

At first glance there seem to be many similarities between Thomas S. Kuhn’s and Ludwik Fleck’s accounts of the development of scientific knowledge. Notably, both pay attention to the role played by the scientific community in the development of scientific knowledge. But putting first impressions aside, one can criticise some philosophers for being too hasty in their attempt to find supposed similarities in the works of the two men. Having acknowledged that Fleck anticipated some of Kuhn’s later theses, there seems (...) to be a temptation in more recent research to equate both theories in important respects. Because of this approach, one has to deal with the problem of comparing the most notable technical terms of both philosophers, namely ‘‘thought style’’ and ‘‘paradigm’’. This paper aims at a more thorough comparison between Ludwik Fleck’s concept of thought style and Thomas Kuhn’s concept of paradigm. Although some philosophers suggest that these two concepts are essentially equal in content, a closer examination reveals that this is not the case. This thesis of inequality will be defended in detail, also taking into account some of the alleged similarities which may be responsible for losing sight of the differences between these theories. (shrink)

Without doubt, there is a widespread usage of visualisations in science. However, what exactly the _epistemic status_ of these visual representations in science may be remains an open question. In the following, I will argue that at least some scientific visualisations are indispensible for our cognitive processes. My thesis will be that, with regard to the activity of _learning_, visual representations are of relevance in the sense of contributing to the aim of _scientific_ _understanding_. Taking into account that understanding can (...) be regarded as an epistemic desideratum in its own right, I will argue that, at least in some instances, no understanding can be achieved without the aid of visualisations. Consequently, they are of crucial importance in this process. Moreover, to support this thesis we will make use of some findings in educational psychology. (shrink)

Scientists use visualisations of different kinds in a variety of ways in their scientific work. In the following article, we will take a closer look at the use of photographic pictures as scientific evidence. In accordance with Patrick Maynard’s thesis, photography will be regarded as a family of technologies serving different purposes in divergent contexts. One of these is its ability to detect certain phenomena. Nonetheless, with regard to the philosophical thesis of theory-ladenness of observation, we encounter certain reservations concerning (...) the status of photography and that of photographic pictures in the process of measurement in science. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is twofold: We will discuss suggested solutions both for the technological and for the psychological part of the problem of theory-ladenness appearing in the context of the use of photography in scientific observations. The essential proposal will be to follow Christian Suhm in his advice to make a distinction between theory-relativity and theory-ladenness. (shrink)

As Europe advances its commitment to cleaner energy, questions have emerged about the economic risks of this transition—especially during times of crisis. The energy price shock of 2021–2022, driven by geopolitical tensions and skyrocketing natural gas prices, raised alarms about whether a decarbonized electricity system could leave countries more vulnerable to price volatility. A recent study published in Nature Sustainability offers important insights into this pressing concern.

Many contributors of the debate about knowledge by testimony concentrate on the problem of justification. In my paper I will stress a different point – the concept of testimony itself. As a starting point I will use the definitional proposal of Jennifer Lackey. She holds that the concept of testimony should be regarded as entailing two aspects – one corresponding to the speaker, the other one to the hearer. I will adopt the assumption that we need to deal with both (...) aspects. Nevertheless, I will show that her concept – which suggests regarding testimony as an act of communication conveying information – is too broad and, therefore, I will end up with a different twofold definition. (shrink)

The recently much discussed phenomenon of testimony as a social source of knowledge plays a crucial justificatory role in Richard Swinburne's philosophy of religion. Although Swinburne officially reduces his principle of testimony to the criterion of simplicity and, therefore, to a derivative epistemic source, we will show that simplicity does not play the crucial role in this epistemological context. We will argue that both Swinburne's philosophical ideas and his formulations allow for a fundamental epistemic principle of testimony, by showing that (...) Swinburne has already implicitly justified the use of testimony as an epistemic source via his fundamental a priori principle of credulity. (shrink)

Background: Rumination, a tendency to focus on negative self-related thoughts, is a central symptom of depression. Studying the self-related aspect of such symptoms is challenging because of the need to distinguish self effects from the emotional content of task stimuli. This study employed an emotionally neutral self-related paradigm to investigate possible altered self-processing in depression and its link to rumination. Methods: People with major depressive disorder (n = 25) and controls (n = 25) underwent task-based electro-encephalogram recording. We studied late (...) event-related potentials, along with low-frequency oscillatory power. We compared electroencephalogram metrics between groups and correlated them with depressive symptoms and reported rumination. Results: Participants with major depressive disorder displayed a difference in late positive potentials across frontocentral electrodes between self-related and non-self-related conditions. We found no such difference in controls. The magnitude of this difference was positively correlated with depressive symptoms and reported rumination. Participants with major depressive disorder also had elevated theta oscillation power at central electrodes in self-related conditions, a finding that we did not see in controls. Limitations: Patients with major depressive disorder were medicated at the time of the study. The group studied was primarily female, so the observed effects may have been sex-specific. Conclusion: Rumination appears to be linked to altered self-related processing in depression, independent of stimuli-related emotional confounds. This connection between self-related processing and depression may point to a self disorder as a core component of depression. (shrink)

The internet has considerably changed epistemic practices in science as well as in everyday life. Apparently, this technology allows more and more people to get access to a huge amount of information. Some people even claim that the internet leads to a democratization of knowledge. In the following text, we will analyze this statement. In particular, we will focus on a potential change in epistemic structure. Does the internet change our common epistemic practice to rely on expert opinions? Does it (...) alter or even undermine the division of epistemic labor? The epistemological framework of our investigation is a naturalist-pragmatist approach to knowledge. We take it that the internet generates a new environment to which people seeking information must adapt. How can they, and how should they, expand their repertory of social markers to continue the venture of filtering, and so make use of the possibilities the internet apparently provides? To find answers to these questions we will take a closer look at two case studies. The first example is about the internet platform WikiLeaks that allows so-called whistle-blowers to anonymously distribute their information. The second case study is about the search engine Google and the problem of personalized searches. Both instances confront a knowledge-seeking individual with particular difficulties which are based on the apparent anonymity of the information distributor. Are there ways for the individual to cope with this problem and to make use of her social markers in this context nonetheless? (shrink)

Why do we trust TV news? What reasons might support a recipient’s assessment of the trustworthiness of this kind of information? This paper presents a veritistic analysis of the epistemic practice of news production and communication. The topic is approached by discussing a detailed case study, namely the characteristics of the most popular German news programme, called the ‘Tagesschau’. It will be shown that a veritistic analysis can indeed provide a recipient with relevant reasons to consider when pondering on the (...) trustworthiness of sources of information. Moreover, it will turn out that these reasons are part of what recipients might gather from media literacy. (shrink)

Without doubt, there is a great diversity of scientific images both with regard to their appearances and their functions. Diagrams, photographs, drawings, etc. serve as evidence in publications, as eye-catchers in presentations, as surrogates for the research object in scientific reasoning. This fact has been highlighted by Stephen M. Downes who takes this diversity as a reason to argue against a unifying representation-based account of how visualisations play their epistemic role in science. In the following paper, I will suggest an (...) alternative explanation of the diversity of scientific images. This account refers to processes which are caused by the social setting of science. What exactly is meant by this, I will spell out with the aid of Ludwik Fleck’s theory of the social mechanisms of scientific communication. (shrink)

During the Covid-19 pandemic, a significant number of people has seemingly been lured in believing conspiracy theories. Many deliberately disregarded expert advices by virologists and physicians to reduce new infections. This turning away from traditional expert authorities exemplifies the »crisis of expertise« that has been discussed in the philosophy of science for some time, namely that many people seem to have lost their trust in the established authority of expert knowledge and are looking for epistemic alternatives, especially on the Internet (...) and in particular on social media. In this article, this digital cultural trend will be analysed. Will people actually becoming more epistemically autonomous as a result of this new tend? Attention is drawn to the epistemic and moral vulnerability of people who opt for new media as epistemic alternatives instead of relying on traditional expert opinion. It will be shown that some important presuppositions about the Internet and, especially, social media tools as alternative ways to gathering information and find moral support in a group of likeminded people do not hold. (shrink)

During the Covid-19 pandemic, a considerable amount of people seem to have been lured into believing in conspiracy theories. These people deliberately disregard expert advice by virologists and physicians concerning social behaviour that is aimed at reducing the number of new infections. Disregarding traditional experts and their advice is just one example of what, in the philosophy of science, is referred to as a crisis of expertise – the phenomenon whereby people seem to have lost their trust in traditional expert (...) advice and are looking for alternatives. In the following paper, the trend to use Internet technology as an epistemic alternative will be analysed in detail by investigating the question of whether the Internet really allows people to become epistemically more autonomous. The focus will be on the epistemic and moral vulnerability of people resorting to new media tools instead of relying on traditional expert opinion. It will be shown that some important presuppositions about the Internet and, in particular, social media tools as alternative ways to collect information and find emotional support in a group of like-minded people cannot be maintained. (shrink)

Das Positionspapier adressiert Probleme und Schwierigkeiten, die sich aus dem elektronischen Publizieren und den derzeitigen bibliometrischen Bewertungsverfahren wissenschaftlicher Expertise ergeben. Hierzu zählen u.a. der ‚Markt‘ der Informationen (Stichwort: Verlagsoligopole), das Wissenschaftler:innen-Tracking und die Metrisierung der Wissenschaft. -/- Es richtet sich insbesondere an Vertreter:innen die akademischen Philosophie als Fachdisziplin. Das Papier enthält Empfehlungen dazu, wie die identifizierten Problempunkte innerhalb der Disziplin lösungsorientiert angegangen werden können. Folgende Punkte werden zur Diskussion gestellt: -/- - Diamond-Open-Access im Bereich des elektronischen Publizierens: Infrastruktur in die (...) Hände der wissenschaftlichen Community - Peer Review: Begutachtung nach Kriterien der Wissenschaftlichkeit - Bewerbungsverfahren: Nutzung von Visualisierungen statt Metriken - Promotionsphase: Trennung der Rollen von Betreuung und Begutachtung - Datenhoheit: Unterbindung des Wissenschaftler-Trackings -/- Die Empfehlungen zielen auf eine unmittelbare Stärkung der Autonomie des Wissenschaftsbetriebs. (shrink)

Khi châu Âu thúc đẩy cam kết chuyển sang các nguồn năng lượng sạch hơn, ngày càng có nhiều câu hỏi được đặt ra về rủi ro kinh tế của quá trình này—đặc biệt trong bối cảnh khủng hoảng [2]. Cú sốc giá năng lượng năm 2021–2022, xuất phát từ căng thẳng địa chính trị và giá khí đốt tự nhiên tăng vọt, đã làm dấy lên lo ngại rằng một hệ thống điện khử carbon có thể khiến các quốc (...) gia dễ bị tổn thương hơn trước biến động giá cả [3–5]. Một nghiên cứu mới được công bố trên Nature Sustainability đã cung cấp những hiểu biết quan trọng về mối quan tâm cấp bách này [6]. (shrink)

‘Visualisations play an important role in science’, this seems to be an uncontroversial statement today. Scientists not only use visual representations as means to communicate their research results in publications or talks, but also often as surrogates for their objects of interest during the process of research. Thus, we can make a distinction between two contexts of usage here, namely the explanatory and the exploratory context. The focus of this paper is on the latter one. Obviously, using visualisations as surrogates (...) for their objects of depiction presupposes the assumption that the former can tell us something relevant about the latter. Thus, a particular referential relation between object and image has to be assumed that can transfer the relevant information. Furthermore, as science is a collaborative enterprise – a social activity – this information has to be intersubjectively accessible and stable. Nonetheless, philosophers of science still quarrel about the epistemic and ontological status of such visualisations. After all, they are means to visualise theoretical entities, such as the Higgs Boson, i.e. entities that are principally not observable with the unaided eye. Especially the significant reliance on information technology devices to access this world of the unobservable provokes a lot of suspicion with regard to the referential status of such visualisations. In this sense, quite a few philosophers adopt social constructivism as an explanatory hypothesis. A particular image is constructed with the aid of instruments and theoretical assumptions; hence it does not refer to an entity outside this system. In this paper, I will critically analyse this assumption and try to argue for an alternative point of view. (shrink)

Im März 2020 änderte sich das Leben für viele (nicht nur in Deutschland) radikal. Das Virus SARS-CoV-2, besser bekannt als „COVID-19-“ oder „Corona-Virus“, breitete sich als Verursacher einer zwischenzeitlich global virulenten Pandemie in unvermuteter Geschwindigkeit aus. Es verwundert nicht, dass viele in dieser unsicheren Zeit auf der Suche nach Orientierung nach scheinbar bekannten Mustern fahnden. Ein solches Muster glaubten offenbar einige, in Camus’ Roman "Die Pest" finden zu können, ein Roman, der – dem Titel nach – auch von einer Seuche (...) zu erzählen scheint. Befasst man sich mit dem Werk von Albert Camus, dem Philosophen und Literaturnobelpreisträger, kommt man schwerlich umhin, eines der Grundprobleme der Philosophie als einer akademischen Disziplin zu thematisieren, an der zweifelsohne ein öffentliches Interesse besteht, die sich aber in der Rolle des Um-Rat-Gefragten notorisch unwohl zu fühlen scheint. In diesem Beitrag werden die Thesen Albert Camus’ zur Relevanz der Kunst, zu deren Spannungsverhältnis zur akademischen Philosophie und zur Rolle beider in unserer krisengeschüttelten Gesellschaft untersucht. (shrink)

In diesem Beitrag soll das Wechselverhältnis von Wissenschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft näher beleuchtet werden. Im Fokus der Untersuchung wird dabei der Begriff des Faktums stehen, dessen Bedeutung durch die neuesten Sprachspiele auf der Bühne der internationalen Politik zumindest in den Augen vieler Wissenschaftler in Misskredit gebracht wurde. In einem ersten Analyseschritt wird aus wissenschaftstheoretischer Perspektive aufgezeigt, inwieweit der Begriff des Faktums als konstitutiv für das nach wie vor hohe Ansehen wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis in der Gesellschaft betrachtet werden kann. Diese Einsicht in (...) den Zusammenhang von öffentlicher Reputation und Faktenbasiertheit wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis ist dabei keinesfalls neu, sondern gehört quasi zum wissenschaftsphilosophischen Grundkanon. Der kurze Rekurs auf diese Überlegungen dient im Folgenden als Einstieg in die kritische Erörterung der Frage nach der Zuverlässigkeit dieses Fundaments der Fakten. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird in der Untersuchung auf das Problem der Wertbeladenheit epistemischer Prozesse in den Wissenschaften gelegt. Inwiefern beeinflussen Werte die Objektivität wissenschaftlicher Resultate? Ist eine solche Beeinflussung stets negativ zu betrachten? Wie hängen die Probleme der Wertbeladenheit und die für die Wissenschaften postulierte Glaubwürdigkeitskrise zusammen? Welche Lösungsstrategien lassen sich aufzeigen? Die Diskussion dieser Fragen wird in eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit neoliberalen Wertauffassungen münden, welche in den letzten Jahrzehnten verstärkt nicht nur an die wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft heran-, sondern von deren Mitgliedern auch in diese hineingetragen wurden und werden. (shrink)

Xung đột giữa con người và các loài thú ăn thịt lớn là vấn đề dai dẳng ở những khu vực nơi người và động vật hoang dã cùng chia sẻ không gian sống – như vùng Ruaha–Rungwa ở miền nam Tanzania. Tại đây, những tổn thất về gia súc do sư tử, báo hoa mai hay linh cẩu gây ra không chỉ đe dọa sinh kế của người dân nông thôn, mà còn dẫn đến hành vi trả đũa giết (...) hại động vật hoang dã, gây nguy cơ lớn đối với đa dạng sinh học. (shrink)

As societies pursue circular economy goals, product reparability has emerged as a critical sustainability issue. Scoring systems that quantify how easy it is to repair consumer products—such as smartphones, vacuum cleaners, and televisions—play a vital role in shaping design standards, informing policy, and guiding consumer choices [2,3]. A recent study by Dangal et al. [3] critically assessed the reliability and validity of four widely used scoring systems: the French Reparability Index (FRI), the Joint Research Centre system (JRC), iFixit, and Austria’s (...) ONR19202. (shrink)

Khác với hàng hóa công truyền thống, vốn được xem là mong muốn bởi tất cả và thường gặp tình trạng cung cấp thiếu, public gobs đặt ra thách thức phức tạp hơn.

Khi các hoạt động công nghiệp và nông nghiệp ngày càng gia tăng, quản lý ô nhiễm sông ngòi đã trở thành một thách thức lớn về môi trường và chính sách.

Children’s daily routines may unknowingly expose them to harmful chemicals hidden in common skin care products. A recent study published in Environmental Health Perspectives reveals that products such as lotions, soaps, and hair oils are significant sources of phthalate exposure among young children [2]. Phthalates, synthetic chemicals widely used in personal care items, packaging, and pharmaceuticals, are associated with reproductive, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental health risks [3,4].

Hệ thống thoát nước của Mumbai—với những trì hoãn kéo dài, bất bình đẳng có hệ thống, và tình trạng dang dở kéo dài—vượt ra khỏi khuôn khổ một công trình kỹ thuật hay hành chính đơn thuần. Như Purva Dewoolkar [2] chỉ ra, đây là một điều kiện sống, một cấu trúc linh hoạt và thích ứng không ngừng, vừa hình thành từ, vừa định hình đời sống đô thị hàng ngày. Những kế hoạch lớn như Dự án Xử (...) lý Nước thải Mumbai (Mumbai Sewage Disposal Project – MSDP) hay Chương trình Cải thiện Hệ thống Cống rãnh Mumbai (Mumbai Sewerage Improvement Programme – MSIP) hứa hẹn sẽ xử lý chất thải một cách toàn diện. Tuy nhiên, sau hàng thập kỷ triển khai bị đình trệ, nhiều cộng đồng thu nhập thấp vẫn không có nổi dịch vụ vệ sinh cơ bản nhất. (shrink)

This qualitative study presents 27 students’ insights about four teachers’ implementation of an immersive Native American history curricular unit designed to equip students with digital skills to critically navigate complex, polarizing social issues. The Digital Civic Learning (DCL) curriculum used Google Suite and Google Classroom or Schoology to provide collaborative slides supporting immersive 2D-graphics, children’s books/resources, immersive activities/artefact-creation, and multimodal tools (e.g., discussion posts, Flipgrid video-essays). Teachers regulated student thinking/behavior towards cohesive outcomes, and encouraged open-ended exploration, operationalizing the design framework (...) as a zone of proximal development (ZPD). The history unit incorporates four cybernetic design features (DF) that enable teachers to steer student-centered collaboration within the curricular unit. The teacher serves four diverse roles (guide, facilitator, modeler, participant observer) mapping onto the DF. Results of focus group interviews with students, which were analyzed based on a theory-informed coding scheme and narrative inquiry, suggest ways for social studies teachers to operationalize the DCL immersive history unit as a cybernetic ZPD by adapting its basic structure to technologies accessible in their schools by adapting its basic structure to technologies accessible in their schools. (shrink)

Human–carnivore conflict is a persistent challenge in regions where people and wildlife share landscapes, such as the Ruaha-Rungwa area of southern Tanzania. Livestock losses to large carnivores such as lions, leopards, and hyenas not only undermine rural livelihoods but also provoke retaliatory killings, posing a serious threat to biodiversity. A recent study by Salerno et al. (2025) provides fresh insights into how conservation interventions aimed at safeguarding livestock may yield benefits beyond their immediate targets—extending protection even to neighboring households that (...) have not adopted such measures. (shrink)

Mumbai’s sewage infrastructure—marked by chronic delays, systemic inequalities, and enduring incompletion—functions as more than a technical or bureaucratic undertaking. As Purva Dewoolkar (2025) reveals, it is a lived condition, a fluid and adaptive framework that shapes and is shaped by daily urban life. Grand plans such as the Mumbai Sewage Disposal Project (MSDP) and the Mumbai Sewerage Improvement Programme (MSIP) promise comprehensive waste management. Yet, after decades of stalled implementation, many low-income communities continue to lack even the most basic sanitation (...) services. (shrink)

Government programs aiming to enhance energy efficiency among low-income households often emphasize financial incentives [2,3]. However, such programs frequently face low uptake, even when subsidies are generous. A recent study evaluating Germany’s Refrigerator Replacement Program (RRP) reveals that procedural design—how assistance is delivered—can rival or even surpass the impact of monetary support [4].

In environmental and economic policymaking, the provision of shared resources—such as clean air, wildlife conservation, or geoengineering—can trigger conflict rather than consensus [2,3]. In their recent study, Erik Ansink and Hans-Peter Weikard [4] examine such dilemmas through the lens of “public gobs,” a term for resources that are perceived as beneficial by some and harmful by others, depending on the level of provision [5].

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly adopted to make decisions in domains such as business, education, health care, and criminal justice. However, such algorithmic decision systems can have prevalent biases against marginalized social groups and undermine social justice. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a recent development aiming to make an AI system’s decision processes less opaque and to expose its problematic biases. This paper argues against technical XAI, according to which the detection and interpretation of algorithmic bias can be handled (...) more or less independently by technical experts who specialize in XAI methods. Drawing on resources from feminist epistemology, we show why technical XAI is mistaken. Specifically, we demonstrate that the proper detection of algorithmic bias requires relevant interpretive resources, which can only be made available, in practice, by actively involving a diverse group of stakeholders. Finally, we suggest how feminist theories can help shape integrated XAI: an inclusive social-epistemic process that facilitates the amelioration of algorithmic bias. (shrink)

As industrial and agricultural activities intensify, managing river pollution has become a pressing environmental and policy challenge. In their recent study, Yang, Ansink, and Gudmundsson [2] introduce a new framework—the river pollution claims problem—to guide the fair and effective allocation of pollution permits among agents situated along a river.

Những thói quen hàng ngày tưởng chừng vô hại có thể khiến trẻ nhỏ tiếp xúc với các hóa chất nguy hiểm ẩn mình trong các sản phẩm chăm sóc da phổ biến. Một nghiên cứu gần đây công bố trên Environmental Health Perspectives cho thấy các sản phẩm như kem dưỡng da, xà phòng và dầu dưỡng tóc là nguồn phơi nhiễm phthalates đáng kể ở trẻ nhỏ [2]. Phthalates là các hợp chất tổng hợp được sử dụng rộng (...) rãi trong sản phẩm chăm sóc cá nhân, bao bì thực phẩm và dược phẩm, có liên quan đến các nguy cơ sức khỏe về sinh sản, chuyển hóa và phát triển thần kinh [3,4]. (shrink)

Các chương trình của chính phủ nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả năng lượng cho hộ gia đình thu nhập thấp thường tập trung vào trợ cấp tài chính.

Nguồn gốc của vấn đề nằm ở cấu trúc trọng số trong tiêu chí chấm điểm.

The common understanding of Chuang-Tzu as one of the earliest deconstructionists is only half true. This article sets out to challenge conventional characterizations of Chuang-Tzu by adding the important caveat that not only is he a philosophical deconstructionist but that his writings also reveal a non-relativistic, transcendental basis to understanding. The road to such understanding, as argued by this author, can be found in Chuang-Tzu’s emphasis on the illusory or dream-like nature of the self and, by extension, the subject-object dichotomy (...) inherent in all forms of conceptualization and descriptive language. These two obstacles to true understanding - the self and literal, linguistic expressions - are overcome in the Chuang-Tzu by implementing metaphorical and poetic language, such as the Kun-Peng myth, the swamp pheasant parable, the introduction of physically deformed interlocutors, various dream analogies, and so forth. By employing such literary devices in a comprehensible and non-mystical manner, this article concludes that Chuang-Tzu successfully communicates his essential wisdom by guiding the reader to a higher state of spiritual awareness, a state in which one transcends the self, language, conceptual paradoxes, and even the idea of transcendence itself. Consequently, through the following explication of Chuang-Tzu’s complementary emphasis on both preventing mental rigidity and promoting spiritual transcendence, this article seeks to earn Chuang-Tzu the reputation of a deconstructionist with a difference. (shrink)

Đánh giá chất lượng công chức nói chung và công chức quản lý nhà nước về kinh tế cấp huyện nói riêng là khâu mở đường quan trọng trong các hoạt động quản lý công chức và kết quả thực thi công vụ là tiêu chí cơ bản trong đánh giá. Nghiên cứu tiếp thu kết quả các nghiên cứu đi trước để xây dựng mô hình lý thuyết các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến kết quả thực thi công vụ (...) của công chức quản lý nhà nước về kinh tế cấp huyện ở TP. Hà Nội gồm 8 nhân tố: (1) Đào tạo, bồi dưỡng công chức; (2) Chính sách đãi ngộ; (3) Đánh giá công chức; (4) Bố trí, sử dụng công chức; (5) Kỷ cương, kỷ luật; (6) Phong cách lãnh đạo; (7) Đổi mới, sáng tạo của công chức; (8) Gắn kết với công việc của công chức. (shrink)

Mô hình lý thuyết MTAM giúp tăng cường sự hiểu biết về cách con người đón nhận và chấp nhận các công nghệ, giúp tăng khả năng ứng dụng công nghệ mới trong xã hội và doanh nghiệp, đặc biệt là công nghệ AI cảm xúc.

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là tổng quan các nghiên cứu liên quan đến trí tuệ nhân tạo (AI) và ảnh hưởng của ứng dụng AI đến hoạt động marketing nói chung, hiệu quả cá nhân hóa marketing nói riêng. Từ đó, tác giả xây dựng mô hình nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của Ứng dụng AI đến Hiệu quả cá nhân hóa marketing tại các doanh nghiệp (DN), gồm 1 biến phụ thuộc là Hiệu quả cá nhân hóa marketing và (...) 6 biến độc lập bao gồm: (i) Nhận thức về tính hữu dụng của AI; (ii) Nhận thức về tính dễ sử dụng của AI; (iii) Ảnh hưởng xã hội; (iv) Điều kiện tạo thuận lợi; (v) Thái độ đối với AI; (vi) Ý định sử dụng AI. Hướng nghiên cứu tiếp theo là kiểm định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng của ứng dụng AI đến hiệu quả cá nhân hóa marketing tại các DN ở Việt Nam hiện nay. (shrink)

Mô hình tích hợp đa kênh đang là xu hướng được áp dụng mạnh mẽ của các doanh nghiệp tại nhiều quốc gia trên thế giới trong bối cảnh của cuộc Cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ 4. Bài báo này nhằm khái quát hóa một số vấn đề lý luận cơ bản và đề xuất các giả thuyết nghiên cứu về mối quan hệ giữa các yếu tố áp lực thể chế tới mô hình tích hợp đa kênh và (...) hiệu suất kinh doanh của các doanh nghiệp du lịch Việt Nam. -/- [The multi-channel integrated business model is a strongly trend applied by businesses in many countries around the world in the context of the 4th Industrial Revolution. This article aims to generalize the theory and propose research hypotheses on the relationship between Institutional pressures and the multi-channel integration model and firm performance of Vietnamese tourism businesses.]. (shrink)

Pronpongo una nueva manera de concebir la aceptación de proposiciones y su relación con la creencia y la inferencia. Argumento además que adoptar esta propuesta nos permite resolver de manera relativamente sencilla algunas paradojas aparentemente tan disímbolas cómo la del prefacio, la lotería y el sorites. Según esta propuesta, el error detrás de la paradoja sorítica es pensar que quién cree que hay una línea divisoria entre lo que cae dentro de la extensión de un término y lo que cae (...) fuera de él debe creer también de algún lugar que ahí se encuentra dicha línea divisoria. Espero convencerlos de que no es así, y que por lo tanto, nuestros juicios de sentido común no nos llevan a ninguna contradicción. (shrink)

Bài viết sử dụng mô hình GARCH để mô hình hóa và thực hiện dự báo cho chỉ số VNIndex.

Cadmium (Cd), một kim loại nặng độc hại và khó phân hủy, đang trở thành mối đe dọa nghiêm trọng đối với sức khỏe con người và môi trường do sự hiện diện rộng rãi trong thực phẩm, nước và không khí [1]. Ngay cả ở nồng độ thấp, cadmium cũng có khả năng tích tụ trong các cơ quan trọng yếu, gây ra stress oxy hóa, viêm, độc tính thần kinh (neurotoxicity) và tổn thương chức năng sinh sản. Những (...) tiến bộ gần đây đã làm nổi bật cá ngựa vằn (zebrafish – Danio rerio) như một mô hình sinh vật hiệu quả để làm sáng tỏ các cơ chế sinh học của độc tính cadmium và khám phá các hướng can thiệp điều trị tiềm năng [2]. (shrink)

“Mở đường” cho giao thông Tây Nguyên: Trong cuốn sách “Kinh tế Việt Nam-thăng trầm và đột phá” xuất bản gần 20 năm trước, các tác giả đã đưa ra mệnh đề rất quan trọng: “Muốn làm giàu thì phải làm đường”. (Nhân Dân; Thứ hai, ngày 05/12/2022).

Khi góc nhìn chủ quan được mở rộng, con người có thể tưởng tượng ra nhiều khả năng có thể xảy ra hơn, từ đó tăng cường sự sáng tạo của họ .