Contents
406 found
Order:
1 — 50 / 406
Material to categorize
  1. Comments on Saul Kripke’s A Puzzle about Time and Thought.Mircea Dumitru - 2012 - Revista Română de Filosofie Analitică 6 (2):123-127.
    The paper discusses an original and ingenious puzzle about time and thought due to Saul Kripke. Its connections with related issues and puzzles such as Russell’s paradox and Kaplan’s puzzle are addressed and explored. The problems raised by the puzzle are dealt with briefly, emphasizing the comparative worth of Kripke’s findings in terms of simplicity and modesty of its assumptions. Then the attempted solutions are analyzed and explored, the most important and promising avenue for future work being the extension of (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  2. A type-theoretical Curry paradox and its solution.Ansten Klev - 2025 - Philosophical Quarterly 75 (2):763-774.
    The Curry–Howard correspondence, according to which propositions are types, suggests that every paradox formulable in natural deduction has a type-theoretical counterpart. I will give a purely type-theoretical formulation of Curry’s paradox. On the basis of the definition of a type, Γ(A), Curry’s reasoning can be adapted to show the existence of an object of the arbitrary type A. This is paradoxical for several reasons, among others that A might be an empty type. The solution to the paradox consists in seeing (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  3. Why Moral Paradoxes Actually Support Moral Nihilism (and Why That Matters).Lewis Williams - forthcoming - Journal of Philosophy.
    Christopher Cowie argues that moral error theory is uniquely placed to avoid embracing any of the troubling and counter-intuitive horns of moral paradoxes. Contra Cowie, I argue that moral non-cognitivists can also avoid embracing any such troubling and counter-intuitive horns. Rather than supporting moral error theory, I argue that moral paradoxes more precisely support moral nihilism—a first-order view that is consistent with moral error theory and with moral non-cognitivism. Moreover, I argue that reconstructing the argument from moral paradoxes as an (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  4. Appreciating Global Validity.Bas Kortenbach - manuscript
    This paper clarifies and defends the global approach to defining logical validity for meta- and higher-level inferences. This is contrary to an emerging consensus in favour of local validity. Prevalent recent arguments claim that global validity is either superfluous in virtue of collapsing into local, or else untenable because it overgenerates validities, compromises the formality of logic, or breaks symmetry with regular validity. Accordingly, the literature on higher inferential logic has come to focus almost exclusively on local validity. Many key (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  5. The Synthetic Concept of Truth and Its Descendants.Boris čulina - 2025 - Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 32 (1):50-91.
    The concept of truth has many aims but only one source. The article describes the primary concept of truth, here called the synthetic concept of truth, according to which truth does not belong exclusively to us nor exclusively to nature: truth is the objective result of the synthesis of us and nature in the process of rational cognition. It is shown how various aspects of the concept of truth – logical, scientific, and mathematical aspect – arise from the synthetic concept (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  6. The Paradoxical Theorem.Md Shouvik Iqbal - manuscript
    This paper presents the Paradoxical Theorem, which states that no imperfect being can determine the truth or falsity of any statement with absolute perfection. We then apply the theorem to itself for any imperfect being, which leads to a self-referential paradox.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  7. Paradoxical Logical Inequivalence of Contrapositive.Beppe Brivec - manuscript
    A - "All ravens are black." B - "All non-black things are non-ravens." C - "All the elements of the set of ravens are elements of the set of black ravens." D - "All the elements of the set of the things that are not black ravens are elements of the set of the things that are not ravens." -/- The propositions A, B, C, D are logically equivalent: if one proposition is true, the other three propositions are also true; (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  8. El desafío del lenguaje privado. Wittgenstein, la comunidad lingüística y la crítica de Kripke.C. Rodríguez Garat - 2024 - Divulgatio. Perfiles Académicos de Posgrado 9 (25):157-167.
    En este breve ensayo me interesa analizar el concepto de lenguaje privado desarrollado por Ludwig Wittgenstein. La importancia radica en el desafío que plantea esta noción cuando nos ponemos a pensar sobre las posibilidades reales de un lenguaje puramente privado. En este sentido, el argumento del enfoque wittgensteiniano sostiene que el significado de las palabras no se origina en experiencias subjetivas individuales, sino en la interacción social dentro de una comunidad de hablantes. De modo que, si cada persona tuviera un (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  9. Foundation of a Rigorous Implication.Wilhelm Ackermann & Fabio De Martin Polo - manuscript - Translated by Fabio De Martin Polo.
    This manuscript presents an English translation of the work titled “Begründung Einer Strengen Implikation” by the German logician and mathematician Wilhelm Ackermann (1896-1962), first published in June 1956.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  10. Is the Liar Paradox Never Strictly Classical?Choi Seungrak - 2024 - Korean Journal of Logic 27 (3):167-202.
    The present paper investigates whether strictly classical inferences contribute to the formalization of (genuine) paradoxes within natural deduction. Tennant's criterion for paradoxicality relies on the generation of an infinite reduction sequence, which distinguishes genuine paradoxes from mere inconsistencies. His methodological conjecture posits that genuine paradoxes are never strictly classical and can be derived without classical inferences such as the Law of Excluded Middle, Dilemma, Classical Reductio, and Double Negation Elimination. -/- It appears that there were two reasons for Tennant's proposal (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  11. Features and Bugs in Schnieder’s Theory of Properties.Arvid Båve - 2024 - Erkenntnis 89 (8):3379-3384.
    Although Benjamin Schnieder’s theory of the “ordinary conception” of properties successfully handles paradoxical properties—particularly, the property of non-self-instantiation—it fails to account for ordinary, non-pathological cases. The theory allows the inference of ‘a has the property of being F’ only given F(a) and the prior assertibility of ‘the property of being F can exist’. While this allows us to block an inference to a contradiction, it also blocks all of the non-pathological instances of the inference from ‘a is F’ to ‘a (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  12. Probabilistic Situations for Goodmanian N-universes.Paul Franceschi - 2006 - Journal of Philosophical Research 31:123-141.
    I will now describe several applications of the theory of n-universes across different probabilistic scenarios. First, I will explain how n-universes can extend the probability spaces used in traditional probability theory. These extended probability spaces enable more refined modelling of complex probabilistic situations and align more intuitively with our perceptions of the physical universe. Next, I will demonstrate the use of n-universes as a methodological tool through two thought experiments described by John Leslie. Finally, I will model Goodman's paradox within (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  13. Achilles' To Do List.Zack Garrett - 2024 - Philosophies 9 (4):104.
    Much of the debate about the mathematical refutation of Zeno’s paradoxes surrounds the logical possibility of completing supertasks—tasks made up of an infinite number of subtasks. Max Black and J.F. Thomson attempt to show that supertasks entail logical contradictions, but their arguments come up short. In this paper, I take a different approach to the mathematical refutations. I argue that even if supertasks are possible, we do not have a non-question-begging reason to think that Achilles’ supertask is possible. The justification (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  14. On the Actuality of Integrative Intellect‐Mystical Asceticism as Self‐Realization in View of Nicolaus de Cusa, Ibn Sīnā, and Others.David Bartosch - 2024 - Religions 15 (7):819.
    I argue for a transformative revival or actualization of the very core of an integrative, methodologically secured form of intellect‑mystical asceticism. This approach draws on traditional sources that are re‑examined from a systematic—synthetic and transcultural—philosophical perspective and in light of the multi‑civilizational global environment of the 21st century. The main traditional points of reference in this paper are provided by Nicolaus de Cusa and Ibn Sīnā, and I refer toa few others, such as Attar of Nishapur, in passing. I begin (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  15. Elements of Dialectical Contextualism.Paul Franceschi - 2014 - In Julien Dutant, Davide Fassio & Anne Meylan, Liber Amicorum Pascal Engel. University of Geneva. pp. 581-608.
    English translation of an article originally published in French in Liber Amicorum Pascal Engel, J. Dutant, G. Fassio & A. Meylan (eds.), University of Geneva, 2014, pp. 581-608. In what follows, I strive to present the elements of a philosophical doctrine, which can be defined as dialectical contextualism. I proceed first to define the elements of this doctrine: dualities and polar contraries, the principle of dialectical indifference and the one-sidedness bias. I emphasize then the special importance of this doctrine in (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  16. Éléments d'un contextualisme dialectique.Paul Franceschi - 2014 - In Julien Dutant, Davide Fassio & Anne Meylan, Liber Amicorum Pascal Engel. University of Geneva. pp. 581-608.
    Dans ce qui suit, je m'attache à présenter les éléments d'une doctrine philosophique, qui peut être définie comme un contextualisme dialectique. Je m'efforce tout d'abord de définir les éléments constitutifs de cette doctrine, à travers les dualités et pôles duaux, le principe d'indifférence dialectique et le biais d'uni-polarisation. Je m'attache ensuite à souligner l'intérêt spécifique de cette doctrine au sein d'un domaine particulier de la méta-philosophie : la méthodologie utilisée pour la résolution des paradoxes philosophiques. Je décris enfin une application (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  17. Swyneshed Revisited.Alexander Sandgren - forthcoming - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy.
    I propose an approach to liar and Curry paradoxes inspired by the work of Roger Swyneshed in his treatise on insolubles (1330-1335). The keystone of the account is the idea that liar sentences and their ilk are false (and only false) and that the so-called ''capture'' direction of the T-schema should be restricted. The proposed account retains what I take to be the attractive features of Swyneshed's approach without leading to some worrying consequences Swyneshed accepts. The approach and the resulting (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  18. Some notes on the Aristotelian doctrine of opposition and the propositional calculus.Gerardo Ó Matía Cubillo - 2023 - Disputatio. Philosophical Research Bulletin 12 (26):53-70.
    We develop some of Williamson’s ideas regarding how propositional calculus aids in comprehending Aristotelian logic. Specifically, we enhance the utilisation of truth tables to examine the structure of opposition diagrams. Using ‘conditioned truth tables’, we establish logical dependency relationships between the truth values of different propositions. This approach proves effective in interpreting various texts of the Organon concerning the doctrine of opposition.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  19. A Puzzle about Sums.Andrew Y. Lee - forthcoming - Oxford Studies in Metaphysics.
    A famous mathematical theorem says that the sum of an infinite series of numbers can depend on the order in which those numbers occur. Suppose we interpret the numbers in such a series as representing instances of some physical quantity, such as the weights of a collection of items. The mathematics seems to lead to the result that the weight of a collection of items can depend on the order in which those items are weighed. But that is very hard (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  20. Peut-on tester si le mouvement est contradictoire ?Luis F. Bartolo Alegre - forthcoming - Revue de Théologie Et de Philosophie.
    Priest's theory of motion is based on Leibniz's Continuity Condition (LCC), which states that any state that exists at each instant in a continuous set of moments also exists at its temporal limit. If we accept the CCL, a free-falling pen would have to be simultaneously in motion and at rest at the instant of change: the critical moment when it hits the ground, thus passing from the state of motion to that of rest. This seems to be a contradictory (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  21. The Hyperintensional Variant of Kaplan’s Paradox.Giorgio Lenta - 2024 - Philosophia 52 (1):187-201.
    David Kaplan famously argued that mainstream semantics for modal logic, which identifies propositions with sets of possible worlds, is affected by a cardinality paradox. Takashi Yagisawa showed that a variant of the same paradox arises when standard possible worlds semantics is extended with impossible worlds to deliver a hyperintensional account of propositions. After introducing the problem, we discuss two general approaches to a possible solution: giving up on sets and giving up on worlds, either in the background semantic framework or (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  22. Justification Logic and the Epistemic Contribution of Deduction.Nancy Abigail Nuñez Hernández & Francisco Hernández-Quiroz - 2024 - Logic and Logical Philosophy 33 (3):381-402.
    Accounting for the epistemic contribution of deduction has been a pervasive problem for logicians interested in deduction, such as, among others, Jakko Hintikka. The problem arises because the conclusion validly deduced from a set of premises is said to be “contained” in that set; because of this containment relation, the conclusion would be known from the moment the premises are known. Assuming this, it is problematic to explain how we can gain knowledge by deducing a logical consequence implied by a (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23. The Banach-Tarski Paradox.Ulrich Meyer - 2023 - Logique Et Analyse 261:41–53.
    Emile Borel regards the Banach-Tarski Paradox as a reductio ad absurdum of the Axiom of Choice. Peter Forrest instead blames the assumption that physical space has a similar structure as the real numbers. This paper argues that Banach and Tarski's result is not paradoxical and that it merely illustrates a surprising feature of the continuum: dividing a spatial region into disjoint pieces need not preserve volume.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24. On Russell's Paradox with Nails and Strings.Ferenc András - 2025 - Generalscience Journal 1 (February 9, 2025):1 - 6.
    The Russell's paradox concerns the foundations of naive set theory. This short short paper is about how it can be interpreted in other contexts and has significance in the world of commands. Understanding the paper assumes that the reader is broadly familiar with the foundations of set theory and its history. The text contains many formulas and therefore the reader should be comfortable in the world of logical formulas. My example is somewhat similar to the barber paradox. There, too, we (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  25. VI—Paradoxes as Philosophical Method and Their Zenonian Origins.Barbara M. Sattler - 2021 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 121 (2):153-181.
    In this paper I show that one of the most fruitful ways of employing paradoxes has been as a philosophical method that forces us to reconsider basic assumptions. After a brief discussion of recent understandings of the notion of paradoxes, I show that Zeno of Elea was the inventor of paradoxes in this sense, against the background of Heraclitus’ and Parmenides’ way of argumentation: in contrast to Heraclitus, Zeno’s paradoxes do not ask us to embrace a paradoxical reality; and in (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26. Reference Fixing and the Paradoxes.Mario Gomez-Torrente - 2024 - In Mattia Petrolo & Giorgio Venturi, Paradoxes Between Truth and Proof. Springer.
    I defend the hypothesis that the semantic paradoxes, the paradoxes about collections, and the sorites paradoxes, are all paradoxes of reference fixing: they show that certain conventionally adopted and otherwise functional reference-fixing principles cannot provide consistent assignments of reference to certain relevant expressions in paradoxical cases. I note that the hypothesis has interesting implications concerning the idea of a unified account of the semantic, collection and sorites paradoxes, as well as about the explanation of their “recalcitrance”. I also note that (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  27. An inexplicably good argument for causal finitism.Ibrahim Dagher - 2023 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 94 (2):199-211.
    Causal finitism, the view that the causal history of any event must be finite, has garnered much philosophical interest recently—especially because of its applicability to the Kalām cosmological argument. The most prominent argument for causal finitism is the Grim Reaper argument, which attempts to show that, if infinite causal histories are possible, then other paradoxical states of affairs must also be possible. However, this style of argument has been criticized on the grounds of (i) relying on controversial modal principles, and (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  28. ¿Existen las Máquinas Aceleradas de Turing? Paradojas y posibilidades lógicas.Jose Alejandro Fernández Cuesta - 2023 - Techno Review. International Technology, Science and Society Review 13 (1):49.74.
    Las máquinas aceleradas de Turing (ATMs) son dispositivos capaces de ejecutar súper-tareas. Sin embargo, el simple ejercicio de definirlas ha generado varias paradojas. En el presente artículo se definirán las nociones de súper-tarea y ATM de manera exhaustiva y se aclarará qué debe entenderse en un contexto lógico-formal cuando se pregunta por la existencia de un objeto. A partir de la distinción entre posibilidades lógicas y físicas se disolverán las paradojas y se concluirá que las ATMs son posibles y existen (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  29. Das Metameta-Paradox.Andrej Poleev - 2023 - Enzymes 21.
    Das Metameta-Paradox ist darauf zurückzuführen, daß man die Eigenständigkeit jeder Realität annimmt, während es in Wirklichkeit nur eine Realität gibt, zu deren Beschreibung eine Sprache genutzt wird, die jedoch keine Metasprache im Verhältnis zu sich selbst sein kann, weil sie aus Elementen besteht, die zu gleicher Klasse angehören. Daher ist jede Beschreibung der Realität der Realität untergeordnet, und ihre Beschreibung sowie die Beschreibung ihrer Beschreibung u.s.w. dürfen nicht als eigenständige Klassen im Sinne der Gruppentheorie eingestuft werden.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  30. Rules and Self-Citation.Ori Simchen - 2023 - Journal for the History of Analytical Philosophy 11 (3):1-10.
    I discuss a neglected solution to the skeptical problem introduced by Lewis Carroll’s “What the Tortoise Said to Achilles” (1895) in terms of a self-citational inferential license. I then consider some responses to this solution. The most significant response on behalf of the skeptic utilizes the familiar distinction between two ways of accepting a rule: as action-guiding and as a mere truth. I argue that this is ultimately unsatisfactory and conclude by opting for an alternative conception of rules as representations (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  31. Omnis Propositio Est Affirmativa; Ergo, Nulla Propositio Est Negativa (and the Paradox of Validity).Dahlquist Manuel - 2023 - In Theories of Paradox in the Middle Ages. LONDON: College Publication. pp. 100-129.
    In the first of the Insolubles in Chapter 8 of his Sophismata, Buridan contends that the inference Omnis propositio est affirmativa; ergo, nulla propositio est negativa (PS) is valid, even though it appeals to the self-reference in the conclusion to show that what we (following Read 2001) call the classical conception of validity (CCV) fails. This requires that we accept that there are good inferences in which a false conclusion follows from true premises. Partially following Hughes’ proposal (1982), we argue (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  32. Pure Logic and Higher-order Metaphysics.Christopher Menzel - 2024 - In Peter Fritz & Nicholas K. Jones, Higher-Order Metaphysics. Oxford University Press.
    W. V. Quine famously defended two theses that have fallen rather dramatically out of fashion. The first is that intensions are “creatures of darkness” that ultimately have no place in respectable philosophical circles, owing primarily to their lack of rigorous identity conditions. However, although he was thoroughly familiar with Carnap’s foundational studies in what would become known as possible world semantics, it likely wouldn’t yet have been apparent to Quine that he was fighting a losing battle against intensions, due in (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  33. Bunge y la validez de la adición.Estrada-González Luis & Romero-Rodríguez Christian - 2022 - In German Guerrero-Pino, Ciencia, Realismo y materialismo. Universidad del Valle. pp. 191-202.
    En The paradox of Addition and its dissolution (1969), Mario Bunge presenta algunos argumentos para mostrar que la Regla de Adición puede ocasionar paradojas o problemas semánticos. Posteriormente, Margáin (1972) y Robles (1976) mostraron que las afirmaciones de Bunge son insostenibles, al menos desde el punto de vista de la lógica clásica. Aunque estamos de acuerdo con las críticas de Margáin y Robles, no estamos de acuerdo en el diagnóstico del origen del problema y tampoco con la manera en la (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  34. Model-induced escape.Barry Smith - 2022 - Facing the Future, Facing the Screen: 10Th Budapest Visual Learning Conference.
    We can illustrate the phenomenon of model-induced escape by examining the phenomenon of spam filters. Spam filter A is, we can assume, very effective at blocking spam. Indeed it is so effective that it motivates the authors of spam to invent new types of spam that will beat the filters of spam filter A. -/- An example of this phenomenon in the realm of philosophy is illustrated in the work of Nyíri on Wittgenstein's political beliefs. Nyíri writes a paper demonstrating (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  35. Zeno Paradox, Unexpected Hanging Paradox (Modeling of Reality & Physical Reality, A Historical-Philosophical view).Farzad Didehvar - manuscript
    In our research about Fuzzy Time and modeling time, "Unexpected Hanging Paradox" plays a major role. Here, we compare this paradox to the Zeno Paradox and the relations of them with our standard models of continuum and Fuzzy numbers. To do this, we review the project "Fuzzy Time and Possible Impacts of It on Science" and introduce a new way in order to approach the solutions for these paradoxes. Additionally, we have a more general discussion about paradoxes, as Philosophical back (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  36. Some paradoxes of infinity revisited.Yaroslav Sergeyev - 2022 - Mediterranian Journal of Mathematics 19:143.
    In this article, some classical paradoxes of infinity such as Galileo’s paradox, Hilbert’s paradox of the Grand Hotel, Thomson’s lamp paradox, and the rectangle paradox of Torricelli are considered. In addition, three paradoxes regarding divergent series and a new paradox dealing with multiplication of elements of an infinite set are also described. It is shown that the surprising counting system of an Amazonian tribe, Pirah ̃a, working with only three numerals (one, two, many) can help us to change our perception (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  37. Kiss the Ship of Theseus Goodbye!Shane J. Ralston - 2020 - In Courtland Lewis, KISS and Philosophy: Wiser than Hell. Popular Culture and Philosophy. pp. 105-111.
    The American rock band KISS is notorious. Its notoriety derives not only from the band’s otherworldly costumes (except for of course during the unmasked period), the fact that they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, their numerous hit records or the amazing stage theatrics and pyrotechnics of their live shows. It’s also related to the band’s constantly changing makeup (and I don’t mean the kind on their faces!). Of the four members, only Paul Stanley and Gene (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  38. Douglas Hofstadter's Gödelian Philosophy of Mind.Theodor Nenu - 2022 - Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness 9 (2):241-266.
    Hofstadter [1979, 2007] offered a novel Gödelian proposal which purported to reconcile the apparently contradictory theses that (1) we can talk, in a non-trivial way, of mental causation being a real phenomenon and that (2) mental activity is ultimately grounded in low-level rule-governed neural processes. In this paper, we critically investigate Hofstadter’s analogical appeals to Gödel’s [1931] First Incompleteness Theorem, whose “diagonal” proof supposedly contains the key ideas required for understanding both consciousness and mental causation. We maintain that bringing sophisticated (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  39. Solving Normative Conflicts Using Preferences Relations.Rafael Testa - 2008 - CLE E-Prints.
    This article proposes a general strategy to overcome normative conflicts, namely, paradoxes represented in Standard Deontic Logic. This solution is based on preference relations between norms that circumvent situations of conflict. Pragmatic justifications of the proposed method are also given.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  40. Dilemas Deônticos: uma abordagem baseada em relações de preferência.Rafael Testa - 2008 - Dissertation, University of Campinas
    Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de solução a paradoxos relacionados à lógica deôntica presentes na literatura, reunidos sob o que é chamado de dilemas deônticos - situações nas quais duas obrigações conflitantes estão presentes num mesmo sistema normativo. Situações deste tipo, quando formalizadas (em SDL - standard deontic logic - ou em outras lógicas relacionadas), levam a uma inconsistência. Nossa proposta baseia-se em relações de preferência que geram uma ferramenta de escolha dentre as duas soluções normativas conflitantes, (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  41. Uma análise de algumas lógicas deônticas para a representação de normas jurídicas.Rafael Testa - 2006 - Dissertation, University of Campinas
    O propósito deste trabalho é analisar a estrutura e discutir a aplicação da(s) lógica(s) deôntica(s) na representação de normas jurídicas. Após uma apresentação desta(s) lógic(s) e, em particular, do sistema de von Wright e da SDL (Standard Deontic Logic), veremos as dificuldades de se aplicar uma lógica à análise do direito positivo: as regras da lógica devem permitir realizar sobre as normas formalizadas somente os tipos de inferência e operaçôes lógicas intuitivamente feitas pelos juristas, ou seja, a reconstrução lógica do (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  42. What the Tortoise Said to Achilles: Lewis Carroll’s paradox in terms of Hilbert arithmetic.Vasil Penchev - 2021 - Logic and Philosophy of Mathematics eJournal (Elsevier: SSRN) 13 (22):1-32.
    Lewis Carroll, both logician and writer, suggested a logical paradox containing furthermore two connotations (connotations or metaphors are inherent in literature rather than in mathematics or logics). The paradox itself refers to implication demonstrating that an intermediate implication can be always inserted in an implication therefore postponing its ultimate conclusion for the next step and those insertions can be iteratively and indefinitely added ad lib, as if ad infinitum. Both connotations clear up links due to the shared formal structure with (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  43. Aboutness Paradox.Giorgio Sbardolini - 2021 - Journal of Philosophy 118 (10):549-571.
    The present work outlines a logical and philosophical conception of propositions in relation to a group of puzzles that arise by quantifying over them: the Russell-Myhill paradox, the Prior-Kaplan paradox, and Prior's Theorem. I begin by motivating an interpretation of Russell-Myhill as depending on aboutness, which constrains the notion of propositional identity. I discuss two formalizations of of the paradox, showing that it does not depend on the syntax of propositional variables. I then extend to propositions a modal predicative response (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  44. Truths about Simpson's Paradox - Saving the Paradox from Falsity.Don Dcruz, Prasanta S. Bandyopadhyay, Venkata Raghavan & Gordon Brittain Jr - 2015 - In M. Banerjee & S. N. Krishna, LNCS 8923. pp. 58-75.
    There are three questions associated with Simpson’s paradox (SP): (i) Why is SP paradoxical? (ii) What conditions generate SP? and (iii) How to proceed when confronted with SP? An adequate analysis of the paradox starts by distinguishing these three questions. Then, by developing a formal account of SP, and substantiating it with a counterexample to causal accounts, we argue that there are no causal factors at play in answering questions (i) and (ii). Causality enters only in connection with action.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  45. Are Scientific Models of life Testable? A lesson from Simpson's Paradox.Prasanta S. Bandyopadhyay, Don Dcruz, Nolan Grunska & Mark Greenwood - 2020 - Sci 1 (3).
    We address the need for a model by considering two competing theories regarding the origin of life: (i) the Metabolism First theory, and (ii) the RNA World theory. We discuss two interrelated points, namely: (i) Models are valuable tools for understanding both the processes and intricacies of origin-of-life issues, and (ii) Insights from models also help us to evaluate the core objection to origin-of-life theories, called “the inefficiency objection”, which is commonly raised by proponents of both the Metabolism First theory (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  46. Application of "A Thing Exists If It's A Grouping" to Russell's Paradox and Godel's First Incompletness Theorem.Roger Granet - manuscript
    A resolution to the Russell Paradox is presented that is similar to Russell's “theory of types” method but is instead based on the definition of why a thing exists as described in previous work by this author. In that work, it was proposed that a thing exists if it is a grouping tying "stuff" together into a new unit whole. In tying stuff together, this grouping defines what is contained within the new existent entity. A corollary is that a thing, (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  47. Against philosophical proofs against common sense.Louis Doulas & Evan Welchance - 2021 - Analysis 81 (2):207–215.
    Many philosophers think that common sense knowledge survives sophisticated philosophical proofs against it. Recently, however, Bryan Frances (forthcoming) has advanced a philosophical proof that he thinks common sense can’t survive. Exploiting philosophical paradoxes like the Sorites, Frances attempts to show how common sense leads to paradox and therefore that common sense methodology is unstable. In this paper, we show how Frances’s proof fails and then present Frances with a dilemma.
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  48. The Paradox of Counterfactual Tolerance.Daniel Berntson - manuscript
    Counterfactuals are somewhat tolerant. Had Socrates been at least six feet tall, he need not have been exactly six feet tall. He might have been a little taller—he might have been six one or six two. But while he might have been a little taller, there are limits to how tall he would have been. Had he been at least six feet tall, he would not have been more than a hundred feet tall, for example. Counterfactuals are not just tolerant, (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  49. (1 other version)The Dream of Recapture.Carlo Nicolai - manuscript
    As a response to the semantic and logical paradoxes, theorists often reject some principles of classical logic. However, classical logic is entangled with mathematics, and giving up mathematics is too high a price to pay, even for nonclassical theorists. The so-called recapture theorems come to the rescue. When reasoning with concepts such as truth/class membership/property instantiation, if ones is interested in consequences of the theory that only contain mathematical vocabulary, nothing is lost by reasoning in the nonclassical framework. It is (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  50. (1 other version)Gaps, Gluts, and Theoretical Equivalence.Carlo Nicolai - manuscript
    When are two formal theories of broadly logical concepts, such as truth, equivalent? The paper investigates a case study, involving two well-known variants Kripke-Feferman truth. The first, KF+CONS, features a consistent but partial truth predicate. The second, KF+COMP, an inconsistent but complete truth predicate. It is well-known that the two truth predicates are dual to each other. We show that this duality reveals a much stricter correspondence between the two theories: they are intertraslatable. Intertranslatability under natural assumptions coincides with definitional (...)
    Remove from this list   Download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
1 — 50 / 406