Philosophy of Language

Edited by Berit Brogaard (University of Miami)

Assistant editor: Jiangtian Li (University of Toronto at Scarborough)

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In this area

Subcategories

Philosophy of Linguistics (11,337 | 4,029)Edison Barrios

Syntax* (1,046 | 371)

Semantics (4,785 | 4,098)

Formal Semantics (397)

Generative Semantics (20)

Lexical Semantics (149)

Semantic Phenomena* (1,502 | 227)

Semantic Theories* (1,952 | 557)Aran Arslan

Specific Expressions* (11,250 | 257)Michael De

Semantics-Pragmatics Distinction* (500)

Semantics, Misc (121)

Other Areas of Linguistics (1,056 | 494)

Computational Linguistics (69)

Historical Linguistics (70)Claudia Meadows

Natural Language Processing* (95)

Phonology (57)

Pragmatics* (7,294 | 138)Christopher Gauker

Psycholinguistics (261)

Sociolinguistics (64)

Other Areas of Linguistics, Misc (41)

Methodology of Linguistics (510 | 66)

Competence and Performance (45)Gareth Fitzgerald

Linguistic Intuitions (87)Gareth Fitzgerald

Prescriptivism and Descriptivism (5)

Psychological Reality in Linguistics (120)Gareth Fitzgerald

Experimental Philosophy: Corpus Analysis* (84)Kevin Reuter

Methodology of Linguistics, Misc (187)Gareth Fitzgerald

Philosophy of Linguistics, Miscellaneous (958 | 468)

Knowledge of Language* (665 | 629)Guy Longworth

Linguistic Innateness* (122 | 74)

The Status of Linguistic Theories (159)

Language Acquisition (122)

Philosophy of Linguistics, Misc (209)

Language Production and Comprehension (890 | 49)

Knowledge of Language (665 | 629)Guy Longworth

Competence and Performance* (45)Gareth Fitzgerald

Nature of Linguistic Knowledge (15)

Knowledge of Syntax (3)

Knowledge of Language, Misc (6)

Language Understanding* (75)

Linguistic Intuitions* (87)Gareth Fitzgerald

Lexical Knowledge (12)

Language Acquisition* (122)

Language Understanding (75)

Linguistic Perception (27 | 5)

Perception of Meaning (6)

Speech Perception (10)

Linguistic Perception, Misc (6)

Language Production (19)

Natural Language Processing* (95)

Psycholinguistics* (261)

Speech and Language Disorders (25)

Language Production and Comprehension, Misc (30)

Languages (3,043 | 327)Guy Longworth

Linguistic Convention (270)Guy Longworth

Idiolects (99)Guy Longworth

Knowledge of Language* (665 | 629)Guy Longworth

Languages, Misc (875)Guy Longworth

Linguistic Universals (541)Guy Longworth

Private Language (202)Guy Longworth

Public Language (159)Guy Longworth

Sign Language (7)

Words (563)Guy Longworth

Language and Society (579 | 250)

Freedom of Speech* (257)

Law and Language* (319 | 175)Hrafn Asgeirsson

Propaganda (276)Teresa Marques

Slurs* (199)Chang Liu

Sociolinguistics* (64)

Language and Society, Misc (53)

Meaning (11,555 | 1,916)Steven Gross

The Basis of Meaning (638)Indrek Reiland

Deflationary Theories of Meaning (35)Indrek Reiland

Inferentialist Accounts of Meaning and Content* (396)Paul Piwek

Interpretivist Accounts of Meaning and Content* (204)

Intention-Based Theories of Meaning (81)Indrek Reiland

Thought-Based Theories of Meaning (31)Indrek Reiland

Use Theories of Meaning (150)Indrek Reiland

Naturalizing Mental Content* (1,567 | 175)

Theories of Reference* (662 | 205)

Verificationist Theories of Meaning (44)Indrek Reiland

Rule-Based Theories of Meaning (49)Indrek Reiland

The Basis of Meaning, Misc (248)Indrek Reiland

Aspects of Meaning (1,165)Indrek Reiland

Kripkenstein on Meaning (273)Indrek Reiland

Meaning Holism (267)Indrek Reiland

Speaker Meaning and Linguistic Meaning (139)Indrek Reiland

Normativity of Meaning and Content (302)Indrek Reiland

Aspects of Meaning, Misc (184)Indrek Reiland

Analyticity (932 | 99)

Conceptual Analysis* (502)Joachim Horvath

Analyticity and A Priority (94)

Definitions (168)

Synonymy (97)

The Analytic-Synthetic Distinction (358)

The Paradox of Analysis (38)

Analyticity, Misc (78)

Interpretation (392 | 186)

Interpretivist Accounts of Meaning and Content* (204)

The Principle of Charity (73)

Radical Interpretation (78)

Legal Interpretation* (87 | 54)

Literary Interpretation* (893)Alberto Comparini

Interpretivist Theories of Law* (46)Francesco Cavinato

Interpretability in Artificial Intelligence* (32)Keith Begley

The Interpretation of Art* (174)

Interpretation, Misc (55)

Propositions (1,560 | 145)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions as Acts (93)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions as Pleonastic (26)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions as Sets of Worlds (90)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions as Simple (21)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Structured Propositions (285)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Singular Propositions (171)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositional Temporalism and Eternalism (52)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

The Role of Propositions (84)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions and That-Clauses (86)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Attitude Ascriptions* (840 | 300)Gary Ostertag

Propositions and Facts (75)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

The Unity of the Proposition (166)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Propositions, Misc (266)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Translation (343 | 131)

The Indeterminacy of Translation (136)

Translation, Misc (76)

Semantic Phenomena (1,502 | 227)

Ambiguity and Polysemy (116)

Compositionality (325)Peter Pagin

Context and Context-Dependence* (1,072 | 311)Brian Rabern

Conventional Implicature (64)Brian Robinson

Intensionality and Opacity (129)

Logical Form (307)

Nonliteral Meaning (52)

Scope (151)

Semantic Values (68)

Semantic Phenomena, Misc (63)

Metaphor* (933)Alper Yavuz

Fregean Theories of Meaning (548 | 123)Alex Radulescu

Frege's Puzzle (152)Alex Radulescu

Fregean Sense (190)Alex Radulescu

Fregean Theories of Attitude Ascriptions* (67)Gary Ostertag

Fregean and Russellian Contents* (47)

Fregean Theories, Misc (83)Alex Radulescu

Russellian and Direct Reference Theories of Meaning (211 | 124)

Direct Reference Theories of Indexicals* (78)Brian Rabern

Millian Theories of Names* (126)

Russellian Theories of Attitude Ascriptions* (78)Gary Ostertag

Singular Propositions* (171)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Structured Propositions* (285)Thomas William Strickland Hodgson

Russellian and Direct Reference Theories, Misc (87)

Semantic Theories (1,952 | 557)Aran Arslan

Conceptual Semantics (42)Aran Arslan

Event-Based Semantics (29)

Fregean Theories of Meaning* (548 | 123)Alex Radulescu

Possible World Semantics (401)Mark Jago

Justificationist Semantics (13)

Relevance Theory* (260)Catherine Wearing

Russellian and Direct Reference Theories of Meaning* (211 | 124)

Situation Semantics (69)Aran Arslan

Truth-Conditional Theories (247)Aran Arslan

Truthmaker Semantics (57)Federico L. G. Faroldi

Two-Dimensional Semantics (166)David Chalmers

Type-Theoretic Semantics (46)Aran Arslan

The Nature of Contents* (1,494 | 240)

Dynamic Semantics (178)

Use-Conditional Semantics (7)

Semantic Theories, Misc (140)Aran Arslan

Intentionality* (14,055 | 1,898)Robert D. Rupert

Meaning, Misc (399)

Reference (1,748 | 451)Stavroula Glezakos

Theories of Reference (662 | 205)

Causal Theories of Reference (191)

Deflationary Theories of Reference (16)

Descriptive Theories of Reference (101)

Russellian and Direct Reference Theories of Meaning* (211 | 124)

Theories of Reference, Misc (149)

Aspects of Reference (433 | 147)

Indeterminacy and Inscrutability of Reference (44)

Empty Names* (151)Lee Walters

Intension and Extension (19)

Nonreferring Expressions (27)

Reference Failure (22)

Rigid Designation (105)

Speaker Meaning and Linguistic Meaning* (139)Indrek Reiland

Aspects of Reference, Misc (69)

Reference, Misc (202)

Philosophy of Language, Miscellaneous (2,911 | 369)

Evolution of Language (331)

Feminist Philosophy of Language (339)Nicole Wyatt

Law and Language* (319 | 175)Hrafn Asgeirsson

The Role of Language in Thought (479)Min Tang

Use and Mention (44)

Philosophy of Language, General Works (527)

Philosophy of Language, Misc (822)

Pragmatics (7,294 | 138)Christopher Gauker

Assertion (1,030 | 195)Ofra Magidor

Moore's Paradox (243)Peter van Elswyk

Assertion, Misc (164)

Conditional Assertion* (33)

Norms of Assertion (428)Matthew A. Benton

Context and Context-Dependence (1,072 | 311)Brian Rabern

Context and Logical Form (83)Brian Rabern

Character and Content* (106)Brian Rabern

Epistemic Contextualism* (1,029 | 130)Jonathan Ichikawa

Semantic Contextualism (78)

Semantic Minimalism (94)Brian Rabern

The Nature of Context (138)Brian Rabern

The Scope of Context-Dependence (123)Brian Rabern

Contextual Theories of Vagueness* (90)Susanne Bobzien

Hidden-Indexical Theories of Attitude Ascriptions* (34)Gary Ostertag

Predicates and Context-Dependence* (87)Jonny McIntosh

Context and Context-Dependence, Misc (245)Brian Rabern

Discourse (521 | 348)Emar Maier

Dialogue (21)

Discourse Coherence (120)Peter van Elswyk

Discourse Representation (13)

Discourse, Misc (19)

Implicature (356 | 43)Brian Robinson

Conventional Implicature* (64)Brian Robinson

Conversational Implicature (225)Brian Robinson

Implicature, Misc (88)Brian Robinson

Linguistic Communication (332)Christopher Gauker

Linguistic Focus (69)

Linguistic Force (85)

Metaphor (933)Alper Yavuz

Presupposition (362)Filippo Domaneschi

Relevance Theory (260)Catherine Wearing

Semantics-Pragmatics Distinction (500)

Speech Acts (1,160 | 946)

Apologies* (121)John Fan

Lying* (185 | 126)Neri Marsili

Assertion* (1,030 | 195)Ofra Magidor

Theories of Speech Acts (20)

Taxonomies of Speech Acts (8)

Norm of Speech Acts (22)Grzegorz Gaszczyk

Functions of Speech Acts (20)

Logic of Speech Acts (3)

Promises* (585)Allen Habib

Performatives (102)

Speech Acts, Misc (39)

Pragmatics, Misc (476)

Specific Expressions (11,250 | 257)Michael De

Adverbs (48)

Conditionals (2,422 | 604)

Truth-Conditional Accounts of Indicative Conditionals (161)Michał Sikorski

Epistemic Accounts of Indicative Conditionals (122)

Pragmatic Accounts of Indicative Conditionals (25)

Indicative Conditionals and Conditional Probabilities (196)

Indicative Conditionals, Misc (106)

Possible-World Theories of Counterfactuals (264)

Logic of Conditionals (290)

Causal Theories of Counterfactuals (40)

Counterpossible Conditionals (60)

Indicative vs Subjunctive Conditionals (57)

Conditional Assertion (33)

Subjunctive Conditionals, Misc (299)

Conditionals, Misc (165)

Connectives (409 | 30)

Causal Connectives (0)

Explanatory Connectives (0)

Conditionals* (2,422 | 604)

Conjunction (42)

Disjunction (70)

Logical Connectives* (445 | 241)

Negation (231)

Connectives, Misc (36)

Descriptions (546 | 207)Eliot Michaelson

Attributive and Referential Uses of Descriptions (62)Eliot Michaelson

Descriptions as Predicates (17)Eliot Michaelson

Descriptive Theories of Reference* (101)

Descriptive Theories of Names* (70)

Incompleteness of Descriptions (33)Eliot Michaelson

Indefinite Descriptions (37)Eliot Michaelson

Presuppositional Account of Descriptions (20)Eliot Michaelson

Russell's Theory of Descriptions (86)Eliot Michaelson

Descriptions, Misc (84)Eliot Michaelson

Determiners (96 | 66)

Articles (5)

Complex Demonstratives* (46)Brian Rabern

Determiners, Misc (4)

Numerical Expressions (15)

Possessives (6)

Quantifiers* (1,632 | 423)

Generics (197)Miguel Hoeltje

Indexicals and Demonstratives (706 | 141)Brian Rabern

Character and Content (106)Brian Rabern

Complex Demonstratives (46)Brian Rabern

Demonstrative Theories of Names* (13)

Demonstratives, Misc (86)Brian Rabern

Direct Reference Theories of Indexicals (78)Brian Rabern

Indexicals, Misc (143)Brian Rabern

The First-Person Pronoun (75)Brian Rabern

Pure and Impure Indexicals (31)Brian Rabern

Modal Expressions (464 | 81)

Possible-World Theories of Counterfactuals* (264)

Deontic Modals (128)

Epistemic Modals (190)Joe Salerno

Modal Expressions, Misc (65)

Names (745 | 309)

Causal Theories of Names (24)

Demonstrative Theories of Names (13)

Descriptive Theories of Names (70)

Empty Names (151)Lee Walters

Frege's Puzzle* (152)Alex Radulescu

Kripke's Puzzle About Belief* (90)Gary Ostertag

Millian Theories of Names (126)

Rigid Designation* (105)

Names, Misc (52)

Nouns (620 | 165)

Singular Terms (69)

General Terms (26)

Kind Terms (78)

Names* (745 | 309)

Mass Nouns and Count Nouns (73)Henry Laycock

Slurs (199)Chang Liu

Nouns, Misc (10)

Predicates (442 | 108)

Adjectives, Misc (16)

Gradable Adjectives (60)

Predicates and Context-Dependence (87)Jonny McIntosh

Kinds of Predicate (11)

States, Activities, Accomplishments, Achievements (53)Carrie Figdor

Taste Predicates (78)Julia Zakkou

Predicates, Misc (29)

Pronouns and Anaphora (306)Peter van Elswyk

Quantifiers (1,632 | 423)

Generalized Quantifiers (440)Jakub Szymanik

Plural Quantification (153)Salvatore Florio

Quantification and Ontology (328)Gregory Lavers

Quantifier Restriction (49)

Unrestricted Quantification (69)Salvatore Florio

Substitutional Quantification (59)Geoff Georgi

Variables* (55)

Quantifiers, Misc (111)

Questions (540)Moritz Cordes

Quotation (191)

Temporal Expressions (476)

Verbs (140 | 63)

Attitude Ascriptions* (840 | 300)Gary Ostertag

Intensional Transitive Verbs (59)Justin D'Ambrosio

States, Activities, Accomplishments, Achievements* (53)Carrie Figdor

Verbs, Misc (18)

Speech Reports (63)Martín Abreu Zavaleta

Specific Expressions, Misc (110)

Syntax (1,046 | 371)

Syntactic Phenomena (269 | 131)

Binding (23)

Ellipsis (63)

Grammaticality (7)

Scope* (151)

Syntactic Categories (21)

Syntactic Phenomena, Misc (24)

Syntactic Theories (284 | 129)

Government and Binding (19)

The Minimalist Program (21)

Nontransformational Grammars (10)

Transformational Grammar (17)

Universal Grammar (61)

Syntactic Theories, Misc (27)

Linguistic Innateness (122 | 74)

Linguistic Universals* (541)Guy Longworth

Linguistic Innateness, Misc (28)

Poverty of the Stimulus (20)

Universal Grammar* (61)

Truth (5,125 | 885)Patrick Greenough

Theories of Truth (3,135 | 39)Patrick Greenough

Coherence Theory of Truth (163)Patrick Greenough

Correspondence Theory of Truth (352)Patrick Greenough

Deflationism about Truth (1,102 | 1)Joseph Ulatowski

Minimalism about Truth (310)Joseph Ulatowski

Disquotationalism about Truth (158)Joseph Ulatowski

Prosententialism about Truth (77)Joseph Ulatowski

Deflationism about Truth, Misc (556)Joseph Ulatowski

Pragmatism about Truth (235)Patrick Greenough

Tarskian Theories of Truth (203)Patrick Greenough

Identity Theory of Truth (44)Daniel James Brigham

Revision Theory of Truth (130)Shawn Standefer

Prosentential Theory of Truth (33)Joseph Ulatowski

Primitivism about Truth (94)Jamin Asay

Pluralism about Truth (241)Cory Wright

Contextualism about Truth (44)

Theories of Truth, Misc (455)Patrick Greenough

Truth, Miscellaneous (1,105 | 10)Patrick Greenough

Relativism about Truth (359)Jonny McIntosh

Truth Bearers (89)Patrick Greenough

Truth and Justification (22)Patrick Greenough

Truthmakers* (737)Jamin Asay

Truth-Aptness (13)

Truth-Values (51)

Truth-Value Gaps (60)

Truth-Value Gluts (27)

Truth, Misc (474)Patrick Greenough

Liar Paradox* (2,106)Kevin Scharp

Vagueness and Indeterminacy* (2,194 | 279)Susanne Bobzien

Vagueness and Indeterminacy (2,194 | 279)Susanne Bobzien

Indeterminacy (413 | 133)

Quantum Indeterminacy* (123)Thomas Pashby

Indeterminacy, Misc (29)

Indeterminacy in Mathematics* (44)Rafal Urbaniak

Problem of the Many* (70)

The Open Future* (319)Sam Baron

Indeterminacy and Legal Reasoning* (57)

The Indeterminacy of Translation* (136)

Indeterminacy and Inscrutability of Reference* (44)

Metaphysical Indeterminacy (251)Alessandro Torza

Vagueness and Indeterminacy, Misc (591 | 201)Susanne Bobzien

Higher-Order Vagueness (75)Susanne Bobzien

Sorites Paradox (192)Susanne Bobzien

Vague Objects* (114)

Vague Identity* (149)Eric de Araujo

Open Texture (6)

Vagueness in Ethics and the Law (89)Susanne Bobzien

Vagueness and Indeterminacy, Miscellaneous (28)

History/traditions: Philosophy of Language

Experimental Philosophy of Language (128 | 51)
Plato: Philosophy of Language (34 | 4)
Medieval Philosophy of Language (33)
Berkeley: Philosophy of Language (11)
Hobbes: Philosophy of Language (14)
Hume: Philosophy of Language (5)
Locke: Philosophy of Language (14)
Kant: Philosophy of Language (36 | 11)
Leibniz: Philosophy of Language (9)
Hegel: Philosophy of Language (6)
Nietzsche: Philosophy of Language (50 | 6)
Carnap: Philosophy of Language (14)
Frege: Philosophy of Language (135)
Chinese Philosophy of Logic and Language (9)
Husserl: Philosophy of Language (26)
Derrida: Philosophy of Language (14 | 6)